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Pectic acid–graphene oxide nanocomposite as an adsorbent in vortex-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction for preconcentration of copper ion followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

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Abstract

An efficient, green, novel and rapid vortex-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction (VADSPE) technique was used for the preconcentration and determination of trace levels of Cu2+ followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized from graphite and then modified by pectic acid (poly-d-galacturonic acid, PA) to synthesize the pectic acid–graphene oxide (PA-GO) nanocomposite. The Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, field emission scanning electron microcopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to characterize the synthesized GO-PA nanocomposite. By using VADSPE technique, PA-GO was used as an adsorbent for preconcentration of Cu2+. The main parameters affecting the extraction recovery, including pH of the sample solution, amounts of adsorbent, extraction time, type and concentration of desorbent solvent and desorption time were completely investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the results show that the proposed method has the linearity range of 10–300 µg L−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9950. The limit of detection based on six replicate analyses of the blank sample was 2.22 µg L−1, and the relative standard deviation was 2.7% for the five replicate analysis of 50 µg L−1 Cu2+. The validity of the proposed method was checked by the analysis of two certified reference materials including CRM-TMDW and GBW07605 tea samples, and then, the proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of trace levels of Cu2+ in different water and food samples.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the University of Neyshabur (Grant No. 1278) for the financial support of this project. Also, we have appreciated the Iran Laboratory, Mashhad, Iran, for the assistance to complete this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Eftekhari

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Mahyar Shakerian & Najmeh Rezazadeh

  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Hayder Jihad Majeed

  4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran

    Mohammad Eftekhari

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  1. Ali Eftekhari
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  2. Mahyar Shakerian
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Correspondence to Mohammad Eftekhari.

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Eftekhari, A., Shakerian, M., Majeed, H.J. et al. Pectic acid–graphene oxide nanocomposite as an adsorbent in vortex-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction for preconcentration of copper ion followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Polym. Bull. 77, 2821–2836 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-019-02884-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-019-02884-y

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