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Effects of crosslinking degree of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel in aqueous solution: kinetics and mechanism of copper(II) adsorption

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Abstract

Recently, a renewed interest in hydrogels for heavy metal removal of wastewater has been growing because of embarking opportunities in industrial applications. One of the most interesting hydrogels potentially used as absorbent is poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), owing to its biocompatibility. In this study, the adsorption capacity of copper(II) ion onto PVA hydrogel (PVAH) adsorbents with different crosslinking degrees of 1, 3 and 5 % from aqueous solution was investigated. The PVAH adsorbents were prepared from PVA, using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent. Their properties were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and water absorption measurement. The results showed that PVA was crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. It exhibited an equilibrium swelling ratio in the range of 195–250 %, depending on the crosslinking degree with different PVAH structures defined from SEM micrographs. The adsorption capacity of copper(II) ion onto PVAH adsorbents was investigated and found that higher crosslinking degree decreased the absorption capacity. This behavior is due to the decrease in reactive sites, resulting in the decrease of interaction between copper(II) ion and PVA. Besides, the adsorption capacity also depended on contact time, pH and temperature. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetic, having a 0.99 correlation coefficient. Intraparticle diffusion was confirmed by the adsorption mechanism controlled by particle and film diffusions.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially financially supported by the Special Computer Science Project, Department of Fundamental Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Science at Siracha, Kasetsart University. We acknowledge the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-Ok, Bangpra Campus, for providing AAS experimental.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fundamental Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Science at Siracha, Kasetsart University, Chonburi, 20230, Thailand

    Tongsai Jamnongkan

  2. Department of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Surindra Rajabhat University, Surin, 32000, Thailand

    Amnuay Wattanakornsiri

  3. Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkarm Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand

    Piyada Wachirawongsakorn

  4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand

    Supranee Kaewpirom

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  1. Tongsai Jamnongkan
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  2. Amnuay Wattanakornsiri
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  3. Piyada Wachirawongsakorn
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Correspondence to Tongsai Jamnongkan.

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Jamnongkan, T., Wattanakornsiri, A., Wachirawongsakorn, P. et al. Effects of crosslinking degree of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel in aqueous solution: kinetics and mechanism of copper(II) adsorption. Polym. Bull. 71, 1081–1100 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-014-1112-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-014-1112-7

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