Abstract
The widespread use of polymers from renewable sources is currently unachievable, not only by economic constraints but by the limiting properties of this type of material. Several strategies have been developed to overcome this problem; one of the most extensively explored is the use of nanofillers to improve the biopolymer’s properties such as stiffness, impact strength and gas barrier, amongst others. However, several gaps in understanding the morphology formation of these systems still exist. This study evaluates the use of glycerol as an auxiliary additive during production of polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites. In this study, the presence of glycerol seems to influence the nanocomposites’ morphology, influencing the clay exfoliation in some cases, and the mechanical properties. On the other hand, the presence of glycerol seems to induce a greater molecular weight reduction during twin screw extrusion.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gorrasi G, Tammaro L, Vittoria V, Paul MA, Alexandre M, Dubois P (2004) Transport properties of water vapor in polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites. J Macromol Sci Phys 43:565–575
Gu SY, Ren J, Dong B (2007) Melt rheology of polylactide/montmorillonite nanonanocomposites. J Polym Sci Polym Phys 45:3189–3196
Jiang L, Zhang JW, Wolcott MP (2007) Comparison of polylactide/nano-sized calcium carbonate and polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites: reinforcing effects and toughening mechanisms. Polymer 48:7632–7644
Vieira MGA, Silva MA, Santos LO, Beppu MM (2011) Natural-based plasticizers and biopolymer films: a review. Eur Polym J 47:254–263
Michinobu T, Inazawa Y, Hiraki K, Katayama Y, Masai E, Nakamura M, Ohara S, Shigehara K (2008) Biomass-based polymer. Chem Lett 37:154–155
Persina Z, Stana-Kleinscheka K, Fosterb TJ, van Damc JEG, Boeriuc CG, Navardd P, Jacoby M (2011) Challenges and opportunities in polysaccharides research and technology: the EPNOE views for the next decade in the areas of materials, food and health care. Carbohydr Polym 84:22–32
Ahmed J, Varshney SK, Auras R (2010) Rheological and thermal properties of polylactide/silicate nanonanocomposites films. J Food Sci 75:N17–N24
Pluta M, Jeszka JK, Boiteux G (2007) Polylactide/montmorillonite nanonanocomposites: structure, dielectric, viscoelastic and thermal properties. Eur Polym J 7:2819–2835
Hwang SS, Hsu PP, Yeh J-M, Chang K-C, Lai YZ (2009) The mechanical/thermal properties of microcellular injection-molded poly-lactic-acid nanonanocomposites. Polym Nanocompos 30:1625–1630
Lv G, He F, Wang XM, Gao F, Zhang G, Wang T, Jiang H, Wu CH, Guo DD, Li XM, Chen BA, Gu ZZ (2008) Novel nanonanocomposite of nano Fe3O4 and polylactide nanofibers for application in drug uptake and induction of cell death of leukemia cancer cells. Langmuir 24:2151–2156
Scapini P, Figueroa CA, Amorim CLG, Machado G, Mauler RS, Crespo JS, Oliveira RVB (2010) Thermal and morphological properties of high-density polyethylene/ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer nanocomposites with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanostructure. Polym Int 59:175–180
Fernandes SCM, Oliveira L, Freire CSR, Silvestre AJD, Neto CP, Gandini AJ (2009) Desbrieres novel transparent nanonanocomposite films based on chitosan and bacterial celulose. Green Chem 12:2023–2029
da Silva PA, Jacobi MM, Schneider LK, Barbosa RV, Coutinho PA, Oliveira RVB, Mauler RS (2010) SBS nanonanocomposites as toughening agent for polypropylene. Polym Bull 64:245–257
Paul MA, Delcourt C, Alexandre M, Degee P, Monteverde F, Rulmont A, Dubois P (2005) Plasticized polylactide/(organo-)clay nanonanocomposites by in situ intercalative polymerization. Macromol Chem Phys 206:484–498
Pluta M, Paul MA, Alexandre M, Dubois P (2006) Plasticized polylactide/clay nanonanocomposites. I. The role of filler content and its surface organo-modification on the physico-chemical properties. J Polym Sci Polym Phys 44:299–311
Pluta M, Paul MA, Alexandre M, Dubois P (2006) Plasticized polylactide/clay nanonanocomposites. II. The effect of aging on structure and properties in relation to the filler content and the nature of its organo-modification. J Polym Sci Polym Phys 44:312–325
Feijoo J, Cabedo L, Gimenez E, Lagaron JM, Saura JJ (2005) Development of amorphous PLA-montmorillonite nanonanocomposites. J Mater Sci 40:1785–1788
Solarski S, Mahjoubi F, Ferreira M, Devaux E, Bachelet P, Bourbigot S, Delobel R, Coszach P, Murariu M, Ferreira AD, Alexandre M, Degee P, Dubois P (2007) (Plasticized) polylactide/clay nanonanocomposite textile: thermal, mechanical, shrinkage and fire properties. J Mater Sci 42:5105–5117
Li Y, Chen C, Li J, Sun XS (2011) Synthesis and characterization of bionanonanocomposites of poly(lactic acid) and TiO2 nanowires by in situ polymerization. Polymer 52:2367–2375
Bourbigot S, Fontaine G, Duquesne S, Delobel R (2008) PLA nanonanocomposites: quantification of clay nanodispersion and reaction to fire. Int J Nanotechnol 5:683–692
Fukushima K, Tabuani D, Camino G (2009) Nanonanocomposites of PLA and PCL based on montmorillonite and sepiolite. Mater Sci Eng C 29:1433–1441
Sangwan P, Way C, Wu DY (2009) New insight into biodegradation of polylactide (PLA)/clay nanonanocomposites using molecular ecological techniques. Macromol Biosci 9:677–686
Zenkiewicz M, Richert J, Rytlewski P, Moraczewski K (2009) Some effects of corona plasma treatment of polylactide/montmorillonite nanonanocomposite films. Plasma Process Polym 6:S387–S391
Arroyo OH, Huneault MA, Favis BD, Bureau MN (2010) Processing and properties of PLA/thermoplastic starch/montmorillonite nanonanocomposites. Polym Nanocompos 31:114–127
Zehetmeyer G, Soares RMD, Brandelli A, Mauler RS, Oliveira RVB (2012) Evaluation of polypropylene/montmorillonite nanonanocomposites as food packaging material. Polym Bull 68:2199–2217
Castel CD, Oviedo MAS, Liberman SA, Oliveira RVB, Mauler RS (2011) Solvent-assisted extrusion of polypropylene/clay nanonanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 121:389–394
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to CAPES, CNPq and PRONEX/FAPERGS for financial support and fellowship awards.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Beauvalet, M.S., Mota, F.F., Soares, R.M.D. et al. Influence of glycerol on morphology and properties of polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Polym. Bull. 70, 1863–1873 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-012-0884-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-012-0884-x