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Enhancing Biotic Stress Tolerance in Soybean Affected by Rhizoctonia solani Root Rot Through an Integrated Approach of Biocontrol Agent and Fungicide

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Abstract

Rhizoctonia solani causes root rot in soybean, a worldwide severe concern for soybean cultivation. The fungus grows and clogs the xylem tissue of the host plant by producing numerous sclerotia, which results in disease symptoms, such as yellowing of leaves, wilt, and plant death. Overuse of chemical fungicides increases the threat of developing resistance to pathogens, reduces soil productivity, and negatively impacts the health of the soil, the environment, and humans. An integrated pest management strategy improves crop yield, profit, and safety. The present study focused on a fungicide (carbendazim) compatibility test with a biocontrol agent (Pseudomonas fluorescence). It evaluated the effect of this combined approach on photosynthetic reactions and growth in soybean in the presence of the fungal pathogen R. solani. The study showed that P. fluorescence significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of R. solani (43%) and tolerated 0.05–0.15% concentration of carbendazim. This confirms the suitability compatibility of P. fluorescence with chemical fungicides for IPM. These novel blending significantly reduced the disease incidence by about 75%, and a 72% decrease in disease severity was observed compared to pathogen control. Moreover, this combined approach has also improved plant growth, yield parameters, and photosynthetic efficiency in the presence of R. solani treated with an integrated system showed better overall growth despite being infected by the pathogen.

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Funding

This project was funded by Researchers Supporting Project Number (RSP2023R367), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, 462026, India

    Kiran Paliwal & Anil Prakash

  2. School of Life Science, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, 452017, India

    Anjana Jajoo & Rupal Singh Tomar

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Asad Syed

  4. Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, 628 252, India

    Jeberlin Prabina Bright

  5. Asian PGPR Society, Auburn Ventures, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA

    R. Z. Sayyed

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Contributions

KP and AP conceptualized the problem and planned the experiments, KP and RST carried out work, and KP, RST, AJ, RZS, and AP wrote the manuscript. AS, JPB, and RZS performed the formal analysis and edited the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Anil Prakash or R. Z. Sayyed.

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Paliwal, K., Jajoo, A., Tomar, R.S. et al. Enhancing Biotic Stress Tolerance in Soybean Affected by Rhizoctonia solani Root Rot Through an Integrated Approach of Biocontrol Agent and Fungicide. Curr Microbiol 80, 304 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-023-03404-y

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