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Bama Pig Manure Organic Fertilizer Regulates the Watermelon Rhizosphere Bacterial Community to Inhibit the Occurrence of Fusarium Wilt Under Continuous Cropping Conditions

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Abstract

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum is an important manifestation of continuous cropping barrier, which causes the quality and yield of watermelon to decline. In early stage of this study, the organic fertilizer fermented by Bama pig manure applied in soil was proved to significantly inhibit the occurrence of disease by improving the structure of soil microbial community. However, the mechanism was not clear. The high-throughput sequencing technology, combined with network and PICRUSt2 function analysis was used to investigate it. MiSeq sequencing showed that the bacterial community of organic fertilizer treated soil was composed of 34 phyla and 768 genera, the number of genera was higher than that of sterile water treated soil. Fertilization significantly increased the diversity and changed the composition of bacterial community based on alpha, beta diversity, and ANOSIM/Adonis analysis. LEfSe species difference and network analysis showed that fertilization improved the relative abundance of bacteria with biological control or plant growth promotion characteristics in soil, such as Sphingomonas, Halobacillus, Nocardioides, and enhanced the interaction between rhizosphere bacteria, made the network structure more complex. PICRUSt2 also revealed fertilization promoted the bacterial function, such as metabolism and genetic information processing. These results showed that the pig manure organic fertilizer might reduce the occurrence of Fusarium wilt by regulating bacterial community, interaction, and functional metabolism in watermelon rhizosphere soil.

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Data Availability

The Illumina MiSeq sequence data were deposited in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) of the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database with the accession number PRJNA814193.

Code Availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Xiang Wang for sharing the idea of this work and Proof-Reading-Service for language editing.

Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (212300410215), the National Natural Science Fund of China (U2004145), the key research and development projects of Henan Province (221111520600), the higher discipline innovation and talent introduction base of Henan Province (No. CXJD2019001) and the High-qualified Talents Scientific Research Startup Foundation of Nanyang Normal University (2019ZX015).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Research Center of Henan Provincial Agricultural Biomass Resource Engineering and Technology, Henan Province Artemisiae Argyi Development and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-Route Project of South-North Water Diversion of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, People’s Republic of China

    Hao Zhang, Huiying Yang, Xin Zhang, Jie Sun, Lianzheng Dong & Hui Han

  2. School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, People’s Republic of China

    Zhaojin Chen

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Contributions

HZ and ZJC designed the research. HZ, XZ, JS, and HYY conducted the experiments. LZD collected soil samples. HH provided advices during the study. HZ and XZ drafted the manuscript. ZJC reviewed the manuscript. HYY and ZJC revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zhaojin Chen.

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Zhang, H., Yang, H., Zhang, X. et al. Bama Pig Manure Organic Fertilizer Regulates the Watermelon Rhizosphere Bacterial Community to Inhibit the Occurrence of Fusarium Wilt Under Continuous Cropping Conditions. Curr Microbiol 79, 364 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-022-03056-4

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