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Genetic Characterization of African Swine Fever Virus in Various Outbreaks in Central and Southern Vietnam During 2019–2021

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Abstract

This study aimed to identify potential genetic diversity among African swine fever virus (ASFV) strains circulating in central and southern Vietnam. Thirty ASFV strains were collected from domestic pigs and convalescent pigs with ASFV-infected clinical signs from 19 different provinces of central and southern Vietnam during 2019–2021. A portion of the B646L (p72) gene and the entire E183L (p54), CP204L (p30), and B602L (CVR) genes were amplified, purified, and sequenced. Web-based BLAST and MEGA X software were used for sequence analysis. Analysis of the partial B646L (p72) gene, the full-length E183L (p54) and CP204L (p30) genes, and the central hypervariable region (CVR) of the B602L gene sequence showed that all 30 ASFV isolates belonged to genotype II and were 100% identical to the previously identified strains in Vietnam and China. Analysis of the p72, p54, and p30 regions did not indicate any change in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences among these strains in 3 years of research. No novel variant was found in the CVR within the B602L gene. Analysis of the CVR showed that these ASFV strains belong to subgroup XXXII. The results of this study revealed that these ASFVs shared high similarity with ASFV isolates detected previously in northern Vietnam and China. Taken together, the results of this study and a previous study in Vietnam showed high stability and no genetic diversity in the ASFV genome.

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Data Availability

The nucleotide sequences of the B646L (p72), CP204L (p30), E183L (p54), and B602L (CVR) genes from this study were deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers MW828850-MW828879, MW828820-MW828849, MW828760-MW828789 and MW828790-MW828819, respectively.

Code Availability

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful for the technical support that we received from the Veterinary Hospital Nong Lam University.

Funding

This work was funded by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry (IPET) through Animal Disease Management Technology Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA, Grant No. 11908105).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University HCMC, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

      Tram T. N. Ngo, Duyen M. T. Nguyen, Danh Cong Lai, Hai N. Nguyen, Trang T. P. Nguyen, Toan T. Nguyen & Duy T. Do

    2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

      Minh Nam Nguyen

    3. Research Center for Genetics and Reproductive Health (CGRH), School of Medicine, National University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

      Minh Nam Nguyen

    4. Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

      Minh Nam Nguyen

    5. ChoongAng Vaccine Laboratories, Daejeon, 34055, Republic of Korea

      Joo Young Lee

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    Contributions

    Co-first authors: NMN and TTNN. Conceived of or designed study: DTD, NMN, and TT. Nguyen. Performed research: NMN, DMTN, TTNN, HNN, TTPN, and DTD. Contributed new methods or models: DTD, NMN, and TTNN, HNN. Wrote the paper: TTNN, NMN, and DTD. Revise manuscript and response to comments of reviewers: DCL, NMN, and DTD.

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    Correspondence to Toan T. Nguyen or Duy T. Do.

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    Permission to collect the sample and conduct the lab analysis and study were conducted in compliance with the institutional rules for the care and use of laboratory animals and using protocol approved by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) Vietnam (TCVN 8402:2010) and under the acceptance and approval by Department of Animal Health, Vietnam (DAH) and the Ministry of Education and Training, Vietnam (MOET): 2867-QĐ BGDDT, dated 01/10/2020.

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    Nguyen, M.N., Ngo, T.T.N., Nguyen, D.M.T. et al. Genetic Characterization of African Swine Fever Virus in Various Outbreaks in Central and Southern Vietnam During 2019–2021. Curr Microbiol 79, 341 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-022-03033-x

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