Skip to main content

Characterization of Fungi from Ruminal Fluid of Beef Cattle with Different Ages and Raised in Tropical Lignified Pastures

Current Microbiology volume 69, pages 649–659 (2014)Cite this article

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the aerobic rumen mycobiota from three age groups of Nelore beef cattle reared extensively on lignified pasture. The experiment was randomized and sampled 50 steers, 50 cows, and 50 calves grazed on Brachiaria spp. pasture during the dry season. Rumen fluid in all animals was aromatic, slightly viscous, and greenish-brown in color. Microscopic examination revealed monocentric and polycentric anaerobic fungi in similar proportions (P > 0.05) in the rumen fluid of cows and steers. However, these microorganisms were not identified in any of the samples from calves. In culture exams, aerobic filamentous population was significantly higher for rumen fluid of cows compared to the other two groups. Microculture and rDNA sequence analyses showed Aspergillus spp. as the most frequent aerobic fungus among the isolates from the three bovine groups evaluated. Biochemical profiles were determined by the growth level of yeast isolates with 44 nutrient sources. Ten different yeast profiles were obtained, and yeast isolates from cow ruminal fluid showed ability to catabolize greater diversity of carbon and nitrogen sources. The differences in the fungal populations observed in this study could be explained by microbial and physiological interactions existing in the ruminal ecosystem of each age bovine group. The present study showed the fungal population of the rumen related with differences among age of cattle raised in lignified pastures. Metabolic capabilities of mycelial fungi or yeast identified in this study may be employed in new probiotics or microbial additives for different bovine categories.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

43,34 €

Price includes VAT (Finland)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Abbreviations

ADF:

Acid detergent fiber

CFU:

Colony forming units

CP:

Crude protein

DM:

Dry matter

EE:

Ether extract

NDF:

Neutral detergent fiber

References

  1. Abdalla AL, Silva Filho JC, Godoi AR, Carmo CA, Eduardo JLP (2008) Use of by-products of the biodiesel industry in feeding of ruminants. Rev Bras Zootec 37:258–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Allison MJ, Reddy CA (1984) Adaptations of gastrointestinal bacteria in response to changes in dietary oxalate and nitrate. In: Klug MJ, Reddy CA (eds) Current perspectives on microbial ecology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, pp 248–256

    Google Scholar 

  3. Almeida PNM, Duarte ER, Abrao FO, Freitas CES, Geraseev LC, Rosa CA (2012) Aerobic fungi in the rumen fluid from dairy cattle fed different sources of forage. Rev Bras Zootec 41:2336–2342

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schaffer AA, Zheng Zhang JZ, Miller W, Lipman DJ (1997) Gapped BLAST and PSI–BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res 25:3389–3402

    PubMed  Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Arcuri PB, Lopes FCF, Carneiro JC (2006) Microbiologia do rúmen. In: Berchielli TT, Pires AV, Oliveira SG (eds) Nutrição de ruminantes. São Paulo, FUNEP, pp 111–150

    Google Scholar 

  6. AOAC (2005) Official methods of analysis of the association analytical chemists, 18th edn. AOAC, Gaithersburg

    Google Scholar 

  7. Carvalho GGP, Pires AJV (2008) Forage plants tissue organization and its implications in ruminant. Arch Zootec 57:13–28

    Google Scholar 

  8. Chaudhry AS (2000) Microscopic studies of structure and ruminal fungal colonization in sheep of wheat straw treated with different alkalis. Anaer 6:155–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cuhhingham JG (2008) Tratado de fisiologia veterinária. Elsevier, Rio de Janeiro

    Google Scholar 

  10. Cunha IS, Kruger RH, Quirino BF (2009) Comunicado Técnico 02: Construção de uma biblioteca metagenômica de expressão da microbiota de rúmen de caprinos. Embrapa, Fortaleza

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dantas AF, Pereira-Filho JM, Silva AMA, Santos EM, Souza BB, Cézar MF (2008) Carcass characteristics of Santa Inês sheep finished in grazing and submitted to different levels of supplementation. Ciênc Agrotec 32:1280–1286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. De Hoog GS, Guarro J, Figueras MJ, Gené J (2000) Atlas of clinical fungi, Secund edn. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures/The Netherlands and Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Utrecht/Reus

  13. Dirksen G (1993) Sistema digestivo. In: Dirksen G, Grunder HD, Stöber M (eds) Rosenberger: exame clinico dos bovinos, 3rd edn. Guanabara Koogan, Rio de Janeiro, pp 167–169

    Google Scholar 

  14. Edgar Robert C (2004) MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Res 32(5):1792–1797

    PubMed  Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Felsenstein J (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Flipphi M, Sun J, Robellet X, Karaffa L, Fekete E, Zeng AP, Kubicek CP (2009) Biodiversity and evolution of primary carbon metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans and other Aspergillus spp. Fung Gen Biol 46:19–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Fonty G, Gouet PH (1994) Plant cell wall degradation by anaerobic fungi. In: Prins RA, Stewart CS (eds) Micro–organisms in ruminant nutrition. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, Dalfsen, pp 97–112

    Google Scholar 

  18. Goes RHTB, Alves DD, Valadares Filho SC, Marson EP (2005) The use of feeding microbial addictive in the feeding of beef and milk cattle.review Arq Ciênc Vet Zool 8:47-56

  19. Gouet FE, Jouany SP (1995) L’écosistème microbien deu réticulo–rumen. In: Gouet FE, Jouany SP (eds) Nutrition des ruminants. INRA editions, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  20. Grenet E, Jamont J, Fonty G, Bernalier A (1989) Kinetics study of the degradation of wheat straw and maize stem by pure cultures of anaerobic fungi observed by scanning electron microscopy. J Anim Sci 2:456–457

    Google Scholar 

  21. Kamra DN (2005) Rumen microbial ecosystem. Curr Sci 89:125–135

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kimura M (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120

    PubMed  Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Krieg NR, Holt JG (1984) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  24. Kurtzman CP, Fell JW (1998) The yeast: a taxonomic study, 4th edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  25. Lacaz CS, Porto E, Martins JEC, Heins-Vaccari EM, Melo NT (2002) Tratado de micologia médica, 9th edn. Savier, São Paulo

    Google Scholar 

  26. Lachance MA, Bowles JM, Starmer WT (1999) Kodamacea kakaduensis and Candida tolerans, two new ascomycetous yeast species from Australian hibiscus flowers. Can J Microbiol 45:172–177

    PubMed  Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Lund A (1974) Yeasts and moulds in the bovine rumen. J Gen Microbiol 81:453–462

    PubMed  Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Orskov ER (1995) Optimizing rumen environment for cellulose digestion. In: Wallace RJ, Lahlou-Kassi A (eds) Rumen ecology research planning. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, pp 177–182

    Google Scholar 

  29. Oyeleke SB, Okusanmi TA (2008) Isolation and characterization of cellulose hydrolysing microorganism from the rumen of ruminants. Afr J Biotechnol 7:1503–1504

    Google Scholar 

  30. Rosa LH, Vaz ABM, Caligiorne RB, Campolina S, Rosa CA (2009) A endophytic fungi associated with the Antarctic grass Deschampsia antarctica desv (Poaceae). Polar Biol 32:161–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Ruiz-Lacaz R (1992) Microbiologia zootécnica. Roca, São Paulo

    Google Scholar 

  32. Sampaio IBM (1998) Estatística aplicada à experimentação animal, 2nd edn. Fundação de Ensino e Pesquisa em Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte

    Google Scholar 

  33. Schröder A, Südekum KH (1999) Glycerol as a by-product of biodiesel production in diets for ruminants. In: International Rapeseed Congress, Anais Canberra. Gosford, Australia: Regional Institute, p 241. http://www.regional.org.au/au/gcirc/1/241.html. Accessed 05 May 2011

  34. Sundset MA, Edwards JE, Cheng YF, Senosiain RS, Fraile MN, Northwood KS, Praesteng KE, Glad T, Mathiesen SD, Wright AG (2009) Molecular diversity of the rumen microbiome of Norwegian reindeer on natural summer pasture. Microb Ecol 57:335–348

    PubMed  Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Tamura K, Nei M (1993) Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol Biol Evol 10:512–526

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S (2011) MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 28:2731–2739

    PubMed  Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Thareja A, Apuniya AK, Goel G, Nagpal R, SehgaL JP, Singh PK (2006) In vitro degradation of wheat straw by anaerobic fungi from small ruminants. Arch Anim Nutrit 60:412–417

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Vries RP, VISSER J (2001) Aspergillus enzymes involved in degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 65:497–522

    PubMed  Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  39. White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ (eds) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 315–322

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Foundation for Research Support of the State of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Pro-rector of research of the Federal University of Minas Gerais.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Eduardo Robson Duarte

    Present address: Avenida Universitária, 1.000, Bairro Universitário, Montes Claros, MG, 39404-006, Brazil

Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, MG, 39400-401, Brazil

    Eduardo Robson Duarte, Cláudio Eduardo Silva Freitas, Edvaldo Alves Vieira & Luciana Castro Geraseev

  2. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil

    Alice Ferreira da Silva-Hughes & Carlos Augusto Rosa

  3. Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 39400-401, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil

    Flávia Oliveira Abrão & Norberto Mario Rodrigues

Authors
  1. Flávia Oliveira Abrão
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Eduardo Robson Duarte
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Cláudio Eduardo Silva Freitas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Edvaldo Alves Vieira
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Luciana Castro Geraseev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Alice Ferreira da Silva-Hughes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Carlos Augusto Rosa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Norberto Mario Rodrigues
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eduardo Robson Duarte.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Abrão, F.O., Duarte, E.R., Freitas, C.E.S. et al. Characterization of Fungi from Ruminal Fluid of Beef Cattle with Different Ages and Raised in Tropical Lignified Pastures. Curr Microbiol 69, 649–659 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-014-0633-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-014-0633-5

Keywords

  • Internal Transcribe Spacer
  • Biochemical Oxygen Demand
  • Rumen Fluid
  • Yeast Isolate
  • Anaerobic Fungus