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Direct Current Combined With Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation: An Ex Vivo Feasibility Study

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Abstract

The combination of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with direct current (DC) is a promising strategy to improve the efficiency of RFA. However, DC-enhanced monopolar RFA is limited by electrolytic injury at the positive-electrode site. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of the DC-enhanced bipolar RFA. To obviate the need for the subcutaneous positive electrode, the DC circuit was combined with a commercially available bipolar RFA system, in which both poles of the DC circuit are connected to a single RF probe. DC was applied for 15 min and followed by RFA in bovine livers using the following various DC currents: (1) no DC (control), (2) 3V continued until the end of RFA, (3) 5V continued until the end of RFA, (4) 10V continued until the end of RFA, (5) 5V continued in the circuit with reversed pole, (6) 3V stopped after initiation of RFA, and (7) 5V stopped. Coagulation volume, temperatures at a distance of 5, 10, and 15 mm from the RF probe, mean amperage, ablation duration, applied energy, minimum impedance, and degree of tissue charring were assessed and compared (analysis of variance, Student–Newman–Keuls test). All combined DC and RFA groups did increase coagulation volume. The 10V continued group showed significantly lower applied energy, shortest ablation duration, highest minimum impedance, and highest degree of charring with the lowest coagulation volume (p < 0.05). DC-enhanced bipolar RFA with both poles of the DC circuit on a single probe appears to be ineffective.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the excellent technical support of So-Hyun Park and Dennis Faßbänder.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz-Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Toshihiro Tanaka, Tobias Penzkofer, Peter Isfort, Philipp Bruners, Catherine Disselhorst-Klug, Elmar Junker, Thomas Schmitz-Rode & Andreas H. Mahnken

  2. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Aachen University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Tobias Penzkofer, Peter Isfort, Philipp Bruners & Andreas H. Mahnken

  3. Department of Radiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan

    Toshihiro Tanaka & Kimihiko Kichikawa

Authors
  1. Toshihiro Tanaka
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  2. Tobias Penzkofer
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  3. Peter Isfort
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  4. Philipp Bruners
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  5. Catherine Disselhorst-Klug
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  6. Elmar Junker
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  7. Kimihiko Kichikawa
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  8. Thomas Schmitz-Rode
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  9. Andreas H. Mahnken
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Correspondence to Toshihiro Tanaka.

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Tanaka, T., Penzkofer, T., Isfort, P. et al. Direct Current Combined With Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation: An Ex Vivo Feasibility Study. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 34, 631–636 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-010-9904-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-010-9904-0

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