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Photodynamic Therapy of the Canine Prostate: Intra-arterial Drug Delivery

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Abstract

Purpose

Interstitial photodynamic therapy (PDT) selectively destroys tissue targeted with a photosensitizer and then exposed to light of a specific wavelength. We report a novel delivery method—intra-arterial drug delivery for PDT of the prostate—in a canine model.

Methods

To evaluate drug distribution, the prostatovesical artery was selectively cannulated and photosensitizers alone or in conjunction with 99m-technetium-labeled macro-aggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) were injected via a 3 Fr microcatheter in 8 animals. One dog was followed for 3 months to determine tolerance and toxicity. The remaining animals were euthanized and imaged with whole-body single photon emission CT and gamma counting for radioactivity distribution. Photosensitizer distribution was further analyzed by fluorescence confocal microscopy and tissue chemical extraction. To evaluate PDT, the photosensitizer QLT0074 was infused in 3 animals followed by interstitial illumination with 690 nm laser light.

Results

Intra-arterial infusion selectively delivered drugs to the prostate, with both radioactivity and photosensitizer levels significantly higher (up to 18 times) than in the surrounding organs (i.e., rectum). With unilateral injection of 99mTc-MAA, only the injected half of the prostate showed activity whereas bilateral administration resulted in drug delivery to the entire prostate. PDT resulted in comprehensive damage to the prostate without severe complications or systemic toxicity.

Conclusion

Injection of radiolabeled MAA into the prostatovesical artery results in distribution within the prostate with negligible amounts reaching the adjacent organs. PDT also demonstrates selective damage to the prostate, which warrants clinical application in targeted prostate therapies.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute of Canada (NCIC # 11439), the Alberta Cancer Board (Grant RI-141), and the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (AHFMR #G220250163). QLT Inc. (Vancouver, Canada) generously provided the photosensitizer, QLT0074.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, 2D2.16 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, 8440-112 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2B7

    Ronald B. Moore

  2. Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 1Z2

    Ronald B. Moore & Zhengwen Xiao

  3. Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, 2A2.33 Walter Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, 8440-112 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2B7

    Richard J. Owen & Robert Ashforth

  4. Department of Electric Engineering, University of Alberta, W2-101 Electrical and Computing Engineering-ECERF, 9107-116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2V4

    Dwayne Dickey & John Tulip

  5. Department of Nuclear Medicine and Oncologic Imaging, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Cathy Helps

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  1. Ronald B. Moore
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  2. Zhengwen Xiao
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Correspondence to Ronald B. Moore.

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Moore, R.B., Xiao, Z., Owen, R.J. et al. Photodynamic Therapy of the Canine Prostate: Intra-arterial Drug Delivery. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 31, 164–176 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-007-9213-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-007-9213-4

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