Abstract
The new cancrinite-group mineral steudelite, ideally (Na3☐)[(K,Na)17Ca7]Ca4(Al24Si24O96)(SO3)6F6·4H2O, was discovered in syenite ejectum from the Sacrofano paleovolcano, Latium region, Italy. The associated minerals are sanidine, diopside, andradite, biotite, leucite, haüyne, sacrofanite, biachellaite, liottite, and secondary dioctahedral smectite. Steudelite forms colourless, thick-tabular, isometric and short-prismatic crystals up to 7 mm across. Cleavage is distinct on {10 \(\overline{1}\) 0}; perfect parting on {0001} is observed. Steudelite is brittle, with uneven fracture. The Mohs’ hardness is 5. Measured and calculated density are equal to 2.51 (1) and 2.511 g cm–3, respectively. The IR spectrum shows the presence of H2O molecules, SO32– and minor SO42– anionic groups. The chemical composition of steudelite is (wt%; electron microprobe, H2O determined by the modified Penfield method; total sulfur apportioned between SO2 and SO3 based on structural data): Na2O 7.40, K2O, 8.42, CaO 3.54, Al2O3 26.46, Fe2O3 0.18, SiO2 30.96, SO2 4.74, SO3 5.18, F 1.66, Cl 0.84, H2O 1.6, –O≡Cl,F − 0.89, total 100.09. The empirical formula is H8.22Na11.06K8.28Ca11.18(Al24.04Fe3+0.10Si23.86O96)(SO3)3.43(SO4)3.00F4.04Cl1.10O3.89. The crystal structure of steudelite is based on the afghanite-type aluminosilicate framework containing a column of cancrinite cages and isolated cancrinite and liottite cages whose populations are {Na3.14Ca0.14☐0.72[(H2O,OH)3.72Cl0.28]}, {Ca4F4.02Cl0.60}, and {K8.40Na8.13Ca7.10(SO3)3.24(SO4)2.76}, respectively. The SO32– and SO42– groups occur in the liottite cage, at two sites with the occupancies S1[(SO4)0.69(SO3)0.31] and S2[SO3]2. Steudelite is hexagonal, space group P-62c, with a = 12.89529 (15), c = 21.2778 (3) Å, V = 3064.21 (8) Å3, and Z = 1. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)] are: 11.15 (28) (100), 4.799 (25) (104), 3.973 (16) (105), 3.721 (47) (300), 3.305 (100) (214, 303, 400), 2.661 (17) (008), 2.149 (21) (330). The mineral is named in honour of the outstanding German chemist, a specialist in chemistry of sulfur Prof. Ralf Steudel (1937–2021).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ballirano P, Maras A, Buseck PR (1996a) Crystal chemistry and IR spectroscopy of Cl- and SO4-bearing cancrinite-like minerals. Am Mineral 81:1003–1012. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1996-7-822
Ballirano P, Merlino S, Bonaccorsi E, Maras A (1996b) The crystal structure of liottite, a six-layer member of the cancrinite group. Can Mineral 34:1021–1030
Ballirano P, Bonaccorsi E, Maras A, Merlino S (1997) Crystal structure of afghanite, the eight-layer member of the cancrinite-group: evidence for long-range Si, Al ordering. Eur J Mineral 9:21–30
Bariand P, Cesbron F, Giraud R (1968) Une nouvelle espèce minérale: l’afghanite de Sar-e-Sang, Badakhshan, Afghanistan. Comparaison avec les minéraux du groupe de la cancrinite. Bull Soc Franç Minéral Christ 91:34–42 (in French)
Bonaccorsi E, Merlino S (2005) Modular microporous minerals: Cancrinite-davyne group and C-S-H phases. Rev Mineral Geochem 57:241–290. https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2005.57.8
Britvin SN, Dolivo-Dobrovolsky DV, Krzhizhanovskaya MG (2017) Software for processing the X-ray powder diffraction data obtained from the curved image plate detector of Rigaku RAXIS Rapid II diffractometer. Zapiski Rossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva (proc Russ Mineral Soc) 146(3):104–107 (in Russian)
Cámara F, Bellatreccia F, Della Ventura G, Gunter ME, Sebastiani M, Cavallo A (2012) Kircherite, a new mineral of the cancrinite-sodalite group with a 36-layer stacking sequence: occurrence and crystal structure. Am Mineral 97:1494–1504. https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2012.4033
Chukanov NV, Rastsvetaeva RK, Pekov IV, Zadov AE (2007) Alloriite, Na5K1.5Ca(Si6Al6O24)(SO4)(OH)0.5·H2O, a new mineral species of the cancrinite group. Geol Ore Depos 49:752–757. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075701507080090
Chukanov NV, Zubkova NV, Pekov IV, Giester G, Pushcharovsky DY (2021a) Sulfite analogue of alloriite from Sacrofano, Latium, Italy: Crystal chemistry and specific features of genesis. Zapiski Rossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva (proc Russ Mineral Soc) 150(1):48–62. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869605521010044 (in Russian with English abstract)
Chukanov NV, Aksenov SM, Rastsvetaeva RK (2021b) Structural chemistry, IR spectroscopy, properties, and genesis of natural and synthetic microporous cancrinite- and sodalite-related materials: a review. Micropor Mesopor Mater. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2021.111098
Mandarino JA (1981) The Gladstone-Dale relationship. IV. The compatibility concept and its 209 application. Can Mineral 41:989–1002
Merlino S (1984) Feldspathoids: their average and real structures. In: Brown WL (ed) Feldspars and Feldspathoids. NATO ASI Ser. (Series C Math Phys Sci), vol 137. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 435–470. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-6929-3_12
Nespolo M, Ferraris G (2000) Twinning by syngonic and metric merohedry. Analysis, classification and effects on the diffraction pattern. Z Kristallogr 215:77–81
Parodi GC, Ballirano P, Maras A (1996) Afghanite from Mount Vesuvius: a rediscovery. Mineral Rec 26:109–114
Pekov IV, Olysych LV, Chukanov NV, Zubkova NV, Pushcharovsky DY, Van KV, Giester G, Tillmanns E (2011) Crystal chemistry of cancrinite-group minerals with an AB-type framework: a review and new data. I. Chemical and structural variations. Canad Mineral 49:1129–1150
Pekov IV, Chukanov NV, Britvin SN, Kabalov YuK, Göttlicher J, Yapaskurt VO, Zadov AE, Krivovichev SV, Schüller W, Ternes B (2012) The sulfite anion in ettringite-group minerals: a new mineral species hielscherite, Ca3Si(OH)6(SO4)(SO3)·11H2O, and the thaumasite–hielscherite solid-solution series. Mineral Mag 76:1133–1152. https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2012.076.5.06
Pobedimskaya LE, Rastsvetaeva RK, Terentieva EA, Sapozhnikov AN (1991) Crystal structure of afghanite. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 320:882–886 (in Russian with English abstract)
Rastsvetaeva RK, Pobedimskaya EA, Terent’eva LE, Sapozhnikov AN (1993) Structural features of afghanite and its place among the cancrinite minerals. Crystallogr Rep 38:185–189
Rastsvetaeva RK, Ivanova AG, Chukanov NV, Verin IA (2007) Crystal structure of alloriite. Dokl Earth Sci 415:815–819. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X07050340
Rigaku Oxford Diffraction (2018) CrysAlisPro software system, v. 1.171.39.46. Rigaku Corporation, Oxford
Rinaldi R, Wenk HR (1979) Stacking variations in cancrinite minerals. Acta Cryst A 35:825–828. https://doi.org/10.1107/S0567739479001868
Sheldrick GM (2015) Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL. Acta Cryst C 71:3–8
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the reviewers for valuable comments. This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Grant No. 19-17-00050. Mineralogical and IR spectroscopy study was carried out in accordance with the state task, state Registration No. AAA-A19-119092390076-7. The XRD studies were performed at the X-ray Diffraction Centre of the St. Petersburg State University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest. All authors contributed to the study conception and design.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chukanov, N.V., Zubkova, N.V., Varlamov, D.A. et al. Steudelite, (Na3☐)[(K,Na)17Ca7]Ca4(Al24Si24O96)(SO3)6F6·4H2O, a new cancrinite-group mineral with afghanite-type framework topology. Phys Chem Minerals 49, 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-021-01172-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-021-01172-4