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In situ TEM observations of plastic deformation in quartz crystals

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Abstract

With in situ nanocompression experiments in a transmission electron microscope, we investigated plastic deformation in natural quartz crystals and observed both dislocation plasticity as well as mechanical twinning. Through this experimental method, we are able to provide direct evidence of Dauphiné twin nucleation and could measure the intrinsic twinning stress. The twinning phenomena appear to include a memory effect, where the same twin can reappear upon successive loading and unloading events. The data provide insight into this twin generation mechanism and can be used as a benchmark for the use of twins in quartz for paleopiezometry. Together, the observation of room-temperature dislocation plasticity and reversible twinning adds new insight into the extensive field of quartz plasticity and demonstrates the usefulness of small-scale testing techniques for mineral physics.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge support of the National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the US Department of Energy under Contact # DE-AC02-05CH11231. ET was supported by JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad and “Nanotechnology Platform” (Project No. 12024046) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. HRW acknowledges support from National Science Foundation (EAR 1343908) and DOE-BES (DE-FG02-05ER15637). We would like to acknowledge comments by Alan Ardell and also an anonymous reviewer who helped to improve the manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. E. Tochigi

    Present address: Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    E. Tochigi & A. M. Minor

  2. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, National Center for Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    E. Tochigi & A. M. Minor

  3. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    E. Zepeda-alarcon & H.-R. Wenk

Authors
  1. E. Tochigi
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  2. E. Zepeda-alarcon
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  3. H.-R. Wenk
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  4. A. M. Minor
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to H.-R. Wenk or A. M. Minor.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Movie S1. Dauphiné twinning of a quartz pillar in the first compression, corresponding to Fig. 1. The movie was recorded at 15 frames per second (MOV 2154 kb)

Movie S2. Dauphiné twinning of a quartz pillar in the second compression, corresponding to Fig. 2. The movie was recorded at 15 frames per second (MOV 2112 kb)

Movie S3. Deformation of a pillar by dislocation slip, corresponding to Fig. 3. The movie was recorded at 10 frames per second. Playback is at five times the recoding speed (MOV 1091 kb)

Movie S4. Amorphization of a pillar during compression, corresponding to Fig. 4. The movie was recorded at 15 frames per second. Playback is at five times the recoding speed (MOV 872 kb)

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Tochigi, E., Zepeda-alarcon, E., Wenk, HR. et al. In situ TEM observations of plastic deformation in quartz crystals. Phys Chem Minerals 41, 757–765 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-014-0689-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-014-0689-6

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