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Conflicting Guidelines: A Systematic Review on the Proper Interval for Colorectal Cancer Treatment

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Abstract

Background

Timely treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) is a quality indicator in oncological care. However, patients with CRC might benefit more from preoperative optimization rather than rapid treatment initiation. The objectives of this study are (1) to determine the definition of the CRC treatment interval, (2) to study international recommendations regarding this interval and (3) to study whether length of the interval is associated with outcome.

Methods

We performed a systematic search of the literature in June 2020 through MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases, complemented with a web search and a survey among colorectal surgeons worldwide. Full-text papers including subjects with CRC and a description of the treatment interval were included.

Results

Definition of the treatment interval varies widely in published studies, especially due to different starting points of the interval. Date of diagnosis is often used as start of the interval, determined with date of pathological confirmation. The end of the interval is rather consistently determined with date of initiation of any primary treatment. Recommendations on the timeline of the treatment interval range between and within countries from two weeks between decision to treat and surgery, to treatment within seven weeks after pathological diagnosis. Finally, there is no decisive evidence that a longer treatment interval is associated with worse outcome.

Conclusions

The interval from diagnosis to treatment for CRC treatment could be used for prehabilitation to benefit patient recovery. It may be that this strategy is more beneficial than urgently proceeding with treatment.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank E. Delvaux (Máxima MC) for her contribution in the literature search and S.J.P. Jansen for his contribution in the development of the survey. We thank the following colorectal surgeons for their contribution to the current study by completing the survey: A. Ponson, Dr. Horacio Oduber Hospital (Aruba); Assoc. Prof. T. Sammour, Royal Adelaide Hospital (Australia); Prof. A.M. Wolthuis, University Hospitals Leuven (Belgium); M. Valadão, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (Brazil); Z. Wu, Peking University Cancer Hospital (China); P. Vlček, St. Ann's University Hospital (Czech Republic); Prof. I. Gögenur, Zealand University Hospital (Denmark); O. Tammik, Tartu University Clinic (Estonia); Prof. E. Cotte, Lyon-Sud Hospital (France); Prof. E. Xynos, Creta Interclinic Hospital (Greece); D. Toth, Academic County Hospital (Hungary); Prof. D.C. Winter, St. Vincent's University Hospital (Ireland); Prof. L. Boni, Surgery Policlinico of Milan (Italy); H. Ota, Ikeda City Hospital (Japan); Assoc. Prof. G. O’Grady, Auckland City Hospital (New Zealand); R. Gaupset, Akershus University Hospital (Norway); I. Negoi, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest (Romania); Assoc. Prof. L. Marko, Roosevelt Hospital (Slovak Republic); M. Frasson, University Hospital La Fe (Spain); Assoc. Prof. P.J. Nilsson, Karolinska University Hospital (Sweden); Prof. D. Hahnloser, University Hospital Lausanne (Switzerland); and Prof. T.A. Rockall, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Trust (UK). Finally, we would like to thank the peer reviewers for their feedback and recommendations on this manuscript.

Funding

No funding was received for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Máxima MC, De Run 4600, P.O. Box 7777, 5504 DB, Veldhoven, The Netherlands

    Charlotte J. L. Molenaar, Loes Janssen, Rudi M. H. Roumen & Gerrit D. Slooter

  2. Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Donald L. van der Peet

  3. Department of Surgery, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin, D04T6F4, Ireland

    Desmond C. Winter

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  1. Charlotte J. L. Molenaar
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Contributions

CM, LJ and GS made substantial contributions to conception and design of the study. CM performed the literature and web search. CM, LJ and GS screened and selected papers and extracted data from the included studies. CM, LJ and GS designed the survey. CM and GS sent the survey and extracted data. CM and GS conducted the web search. All authors contributed to data interpretation. CM, LJ, RR and GS primarily drafted the manuscript, and all authors revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content and approved the final version to be submitted.

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Correspondence to Charlotte J. L. Molenaar.

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Molenaar, C.J.L., Janssen, L., van der Peet, D.L. et al. Conflicting Guidelines: A Systematic Review on the Proper Interval for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. World J Surg 45, 2235–2250 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-021-06075-7

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