Abstract
Purpose
In living liver donors with rare anatomical anomaly of right-sided ligamentum teres (RSLT), right or left hemiliver procurement is commonly contraindicated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatic volume profiles in potential donors with RSLT using semi-automated CT volumetry (CTV).
Methods
Among 5535 potential donor candidates in our institution between April 2003 and May 2019, 23 cases of RSLT (0.4%) were included. Proportional liver volumes were measured using semi-automated CTV and compared with those of manual volumetry and intraoperative graft weights (seven surgical cases).
Results
The mean percentage volume of the right posterior section was significantly larger than that of the left hemiliver (38.5 ± 8.4% vs. 23.3 ± 5.7%, P < 0.001). Particularly in independent right lateral type, the mean percentage volume of the right posterior section was about two times larger to that of the left hemiliver (41.5% ± 6.5% vs. 21.9% ± 4.4%, P < 0.001), whereas the volume proportions of these two parts were similar between the two parts in bifurcation and trifurcation types (P = 0.810 and 0.979, respectively). Semi-automated CTV of corresponding whole liver, right posterior section, right anterior section, and left hemiliver showed strong correlations with manual CTV (r = 0.989–0.998; P < 0.001). For the seven surgical cases, the graft weights estimated by semi-automated CTV showed a significant correlation with intraoperative graft weights (r = 0.972; P < 0.001).
Conclusion
In independent right lateral type of RSLT, the right posterior section tends to be significantly larger than left hemiliver, and may be an alternative option for graft in potential living liver donors with this rare anatomical anomaly.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Shindoh J, Akahane M, Satou S, Aoki T, Beck Y, Hasegawa K, et al. (2012) Vascular architecture in anomalous right-sided ligamentum teres: three-dimensional analyses in 35 patients. HPB (Oxford) 14:32-41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-2574.2011.00398.x
Nagai M, Kubota K, Kawasaki S, Takayama T, Bandai Y, Makuuchi M. (1997) Are left-sided gallbladders really located on the left side? Ann Surg 225:274-280. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199703000-00006
Nishitai R, Shindoh J, Yamaoka T, Akahane M, Kokudo N, Manaka D. (2016) Biliary architecture of livers exhibiting right-sided ligamentum teres: an indication for preoperative cholangiography prior to major hepatectomy. HPB (Oxford) 18:929-935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2016.08.002
Maetani Y, Itoh K, Kojima N, Tabuchi T, Shibata T, Asonuma K, et al. (1998) Portal vein anomaly associated with deviation of the ligamentum teres to the right and malposition of the gallbladder. Radiology 207:723-728. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.207.3.9609896
Sugawara Y, Makuuchi M, Takayama T, Mizuta K, Kawarasaki H, Imamura H, et al. (2001) Liver transplantation using a right lateral sector graft from a living donor to her granddaughter. Hepatogastroenterology 48:261-263.
Sugawara Y, Makuuchi M, Takayama T, Imamura H, Kaneko J. (2002) Right lateral sector graft in adult living-related liver transplantation. Transplantation 73:111-114. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007890-200201150-00021
Leelaudomlipi S, Sugawara Y, Kaneko J, Matsui Y, Ohkubo T, Makuuchi M. (2002) Volumetric analysis of liver segments in 155 living donors. Liver Transpl 8:612-614. https://doi.org/10.1053/jlts.2002.33731
Kim KW, Lee J, Lee H, Jeong WK, Won HJ, Shin YM, et al. (2010) Right lobe estimated blood-free weight for living donor liver transplantation: accuracy of automated blood-free CT volumetry-preliminary results. Radiology 256:433-440. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.10091897
Radtke A, Sotiropoulos GC, Nadalin S, Molmenti EP, Schroeder T, Saner FH, et al. (2008) Preoperative volume prediction in adult live donor liver transplantation: 3-D CT volumetry approach to prevent miscalculations. Eur J Med Res 13:319-326.
Noschinski LE, Maiwald B, Voigt P, Wiltberger G, Kahn T, Stumpp P. (2015) Validating new software for semiautomated liver volumetry-better than manual measurement? RoFo 187:788-794. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1553230
Mokry T, Bellemann N, Muller D, Lorenzo Bermejo J, Klauss M, Stampfl U, et al. (2014) Accuracy of estimation of graft size for living-related liver transplantation: first results of a semi-automated interactive software for CT-volumetry. PLoS One 9:e110201. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110201
Mussin N, Sumo M, Lee KW, Choi Y, Choi JY, Ahn SW, et al. (2017) The correlation between preoperative volumetry and real graft weight: comparison of two volumetry programs. Ann Surg Treat Res 92:214-220. https://doi.org/10.4174/astr.2017.92.4.214
Strasberg SM, Belghiti J, Clavien PA, Gadzijev E, Garden JO, Lau WY, et al. (2000) The Brisbane 2000 terminology of liver anatomy and resections. HPB (Oxford) 2:333-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1365-182x(17)30755-4
Lemke AJ, Brinkmann MJ, Schott T, Niehues SM, Settmacher U, Neuhaus P, et al. (2006) Living donor right liver lobes: preoperative CT volumetric measurement for calculation of intraoperative weight and volume. Radiology 240:736-742. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2403042062
Lee J, Kim N, Lee H, Seo JB, Won HJ, Shin YM, et al. (2007) Efficient liver segmentation using a level-set method with optimal detection of the initial liver boundary from level-set speed images. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 88:26-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2007.07.005
Malladi R, Sethian JA, Vemuri BC (1995) Shape modeling with front propagation - a level set approach. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 17:158–175. https://doi.org/10.1109/34.368173
Kreyszig E. (2006) Advanced engineering mathematics. 9th edn. vol 8. John Wiley & Sons, New York
Koo TK, Li MY. (2016) A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. J Chiropr Med 15:155-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
Karlo C, Reiner CS, Stolzmann P, Breitenstein S, Marincek B, Weishaupt D, et al. (2010) CT- and MRI-based volumetry of resected liver specimen: comparison to intraoperative volume and weight measurements and calculation of conversion factors. Eur J Radiol 75:e107-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.09.005
Yoneyama T, Asonuma K, Okajima H, Lee KJ, Yamamoto H, Takeichi T, et al. (2011) Coefficient factor for graft weight estimation from preoperative computed tomography volumetry in living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 17:369-372. https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.22239
Savier E, Taboury J, Lucidarme O, Kitajima K, Cadi M, Vaillant JC, et al. (2005) Fusion of the planes of the liver: an anatomic entity merging the midplane and the left intersectional plane. J Am Coll Surg 200:711-719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2004.12.017
Lucidarme O, Taboury J, Savier E, Cadi M, Hannoun L, Grenier PA. (2006) Fusion of the midplane with the left intersectional plane: a liver anatomical variation revisited with multidetector-row CT. Eur Radiol 16:1699-1708. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-006-0245-y
Hwang S, Lee SG, Park KM, Lee YJ, Ahn CS, Kim KH, et al. (2004) Hepatectomy of living donors with a left-sided gallbladder and multiple combined anomalies for adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 10:141-146. https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.20007
Yang DM, Kim H, Kang JH, Park CH, Chang SK, Jin W, et al. (2005) Anomaly of the portal vein with total ramification of the intrahepatic portal branches from the right umbilical portion: CT features. J Comput Assist Tomogr 29:461-463. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.rct.0000165905.06031.b0
Gupta R, Miyazaki A, Cho A, Ryu M. (2010) Portal vein branching pattern in anomalous right-sided round ligament. Abdom Imaging 35:332-336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-009-9520-0
Yamashita R, Yamaoka T, Nishitai R, Isoda H, Taura K, Arizono S, et al. (2017) Portal vein branching order helps in the recognition of anomalous right-sided round ligament: common features and variations in portal vein anatomy. Abdom Radiol (NY) 42:1832-1838. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-017-1128-1
Suh K, Lee K, Roh HR, Koh YT, Minn KW, Kim SJ, et al. (2001) Outcome of adult living donor liver transplantation using small volume of left liver graft less than 1% of body weight. Transplant Proc 33:1401-1402. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02527-6
Kiuchi T, Tanaka K, Ito T, Oike F, Ogura Y, Fujimoto Y, et al. (2003) Small-for-size graft in living donor liver transplantation: how far should we go? Liver Transpl 9:S29-35. https://doi.org/10.1053/jlts.2003.50198
Ito T, Kiuchi T, Egawa H, Kaihara S, Oike F, Ogura Y, et al. (2003) Surgery-related morbidity in living donors of right-lobe liver graft: lessons from the first 200 cases. Transplantation 76:158-163. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.TP.0000072372.42396.47
Fan ST, Lo CM, Liu CL, Yong BH, Chan JK, Ng IO. (2000) Safety of donors in live donor liver transplantation using right lobe grafts. Arch Surg 135:336-340. https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.135.3.336
Lee SG, Hwang S. (2005) How I do it: assessment of hepatic functional reserve for indication of hepatic resection. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 12:38-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00534-004-0949-9
Hwang S, Lee SG, Lee YJ, Sung KB, Park KM, Kim KH, et al. (2006) Lessons learned from 1,000 living donor liver transplantations in a single center: how to make living donations safe. Liver Transpl 12:920-927. https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.20734
Hwang S, Lee SG, Lee YJ, Park KM, Kim KH, Ahn CS, et al. (2004) Donor selection for procurement of right posterior segment graft in living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 10:1150-1155. https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.20225
Shindoh J, Mise Y, Satou S, Sugawara Y, Kokudo N. (2010) The intersegmental plane of the liver is not always flat-tricks for anatomical liver resection. Ann Surg 251:917-922. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181d773ae
Funding
This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (No. 2017R1E1A1A03070961).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jeong, S.Y., Kim, K.W., Lee, J. et al. Hepatic volume profiles in potential living liver donors with anomalous right-sided ligamentum teres. Abdom Radiol 46, 1562–1571 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-020-02803-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-020-02803-0