Al-Toma A, Goerres MS, Meijer JW, Pena AS, Crusius JB, Mulder CJ (2006) Human leukocyte antigen-DQ2 homozygosity and the development of refractory celiac disease and enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 4:315–319
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Al-Toma A, Verbeek WH, Hadithi M, von Blomberg BM, Mulder CJ (2007) Survival in refractory coeliac disease and enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma: retrospective evaluation of single-centre experience. Gut 56:1373–1378
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Arentz-Hansen H, McAdam SN, Molberg O, Fleckenstein B, Lundin KE, Jorgensen TJ, Jung G, Roepstorff P, Sollid LM (2002) Celiac lesion T cells recognize epitopes that cluster in regions of gliadins rich in proline residues. Gastroenterology 123:803–809
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Arentz-Hansen H, Fleckenstein B, Molberg O, Scott H, Koning F, Jung G, Roepstorff P, Lundin KE, Sollid LM (2004) The molecular basis for oat intolerance in patients with celiac disease. PLoS Med 1:e1
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bas A, Forsberg G, Sjoberg V, Hammarstrom S, Hernell O, Hammarstrom ML (2009) Aberrant extrathymic T cell receptor gene rearrangement in the small intestinal mucosa: a risk factor for coeliac disease? Gut 58:189–195
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bauer S, Groh V, Wu J, Steinle A, Phillips JH, Lanier LL, Spies T (1999) Activation of NK cells and T cells by NKG2D, a receptor for stress-inducible MICA. Science 285:727–729
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Benahmed M, Meresse B, Arnulf B, Barbe U, Mention JJ, Verkarre V, Allez M, Cellier C, Hermine O, Cerf-Bensussan N (2007) Inhibition of TGF-beta signaling by IL-15: a new role for IL-15 in the loss of immune homeostasis in celiac disease. Gastroenterology 132:994–1008
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bourgey M, Calcagno G, Tinto N, Gennarelli D, Margaritte-Jeannin P, Greco L, Limongelli MG, Esposito O, Marano C, Troncone R, Spampanato A, Clerget-Darpoux F, Sacchetti L (2007) HLA related genetic risk for coeliac disease. Gut 56:1054–1059
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Budagian V, Bulanova E, Paus R, Bulfone-Paus S (2006) IL-15/IL-15 receptor biology: a guided tour through an expanding universe. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 17:259–280
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cellier C, Patey N, Mauvieux L, Jabri B, Delabesse E, Cervoni JP, Burtin ML, Guy-Grand D, Bouhnik Y, Modigliani R, Barbier JP, Macintyre E, Brousse N, Cerf-Bensussan N (1998) Abnormal intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in refractory sprue. Gastroenterology 114:471–481
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ciclitira PJ, Evans DJ, Fagg NL, Lennox ES, Dowling RH (1984) Clinical testing of gliadin fractions in coeliac patients. Clin Sci Lond 66:357–364
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Daum S, Cellier C, Mulder CJ (2005) Refractory coeliac disease. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 19:413–424
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Deleeuw RJ, Zettl A, Klinker E, Haralambieva E, Trottier M, Chari R, Ge Y, Gascoyne RD, Chott A, Muller-Hermelink HK, Lam WL (2007) Whole-genome analysis and HLA genotyping of enteropathy-type T-cell lymphoma reveals 2 distinct lymphoma subtypes. Gastroenterology 132:1902–1911
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Di Sabatino A, Ciccocioppo R, Cupelli F, Cinque B, Millimaggi D, Clarkson MM, Paulli M, Cifone MG, Corazza GR (2006) Epithelium derived interleukin 15 regulates intraepithelial lymphocyte Th1 cytokine production, cytotoxicity, and survival in coeliac disease. Gut 55:469–477
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dicke WK, Weijers HA, van de Kamer JH (1953) Coeliac disease II. The presence in wheat of a factor having a deleterious effect in cases of coeliac disease. Acta Paediatr 42:34–42
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dube C, Rostom A, Sy R, Cranney A, Saloojee N, Garritty C, Sampson M, Zhang L, Yazdi F, Mamaladze V, Pan I, Macneil J, Mack D, Patel D, Moher D (2005) The prevalence of celiac disease in average-risk and at-risk Western European populations: a systematic review. Gastroenterology 128:S57–S67
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dubois PC, Trynka G, Franke L, Hunt KA, Romanos J, Curtotti A, Zhernakova A, Heap GA, Adany R, Aromaa A, Bardella MT, van den Berg LH, Bockett NA, de la Concha EG, Dema B, Fehrmann RS, Fernandez-Arquero M, Fiatal S, Grandone E, Green PM, Groen HJ, Gwilliam R, Houwen RH, Hunt SE, Kaukinen K, Kelleher D, Korponay-Szabo I, Kurppa K, Macmathuna P, Maki M, Mazzilli MC, McCann OT, Mearin ML, Mein CA, Mirza MM, Mistry V, Mora B, Morley KI, Mulder CJ, Murray JA, Nunez C, Oosterom E, Ophoff RA, Polanco I, Peltonen L, Platteel M, Rybak A, Salomaa V, Schweizer JJ, Sperandeo MP, Tack GJ, Turner G, Veldink JH, Verbeek WH, Weersma RK, Wolters VM, Urcelay E, Cukrowska B, Greco L, Neuhausen SL, McManus R, Barisani D, Deloukas P, Barrett JC, Saavalainen P, Wijmenga C, van Heel DA (2010) Multiple common variants for celiac disease influencing immune gene expression. Nat Genet 42:295–302
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ebert EC (1998) Interleukin 15 is a potent stimulant of intraepithelial lymphocytes. Gastroenterology 115:1439–1445
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ebert EC (2009) Interleukin 21 up-regulates perforin-mediated cytotoxic activity of human intra-epithelial lymphocytes. Immunology 127:206–215
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Falchuk ZM, Rogentine GN, Strober W (1972) Predominance of histocompatibility antigen HL-A8 in patients with gluten-sensitive enteropathy. J Clin Invest 51:1602–1605
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fallang LE, Bergseng E, Hotta K, Berg-Larsen A, Kim CY, Sollid LM (2009) Differences in the risk of celiac disease associated with HLA-DQ2.5 or HLA-DQ2.2 are related to sustained gluten antigen presentation. Nat Immunol 10:1096–1101
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fehniger TA, Caligiuri MA (2001) Interleukin 15: biology and relevance to human disease. Blood 97:14–32
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ferguson A, Macdonald TT, McClure JP, Holden RJ (1975) Cell-mediated immunity to gliadin within the small-intestinal mucosa in coeliac disease. Lancet 1:895–897
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Greco L, Babron MC, Corazza GR, Percopo S, Sica R, Clot F, Fulchignoni-Lataud MC, Zavattari P, Momigliano-Richiardi P, Casari G, Gasparini P, Tosi R, Mantovani V, De VS, Iacono G, D'Alfonso A, Selinger-Leneman H, Lemainque A, Serre JL, Clerget-Darpoux F (2001) Existence of a genetic risk factor on chromosome 5q in Italian coeliac disease families. Ann Hum Genet 65:35–41
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Green PH, Cellier C (2007) Celiac disease. N Engl J Med 357:1731–1743
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gunther U, Holloway JA, Gordon JN, Knight A, Chance V, Hanley NA, Wilson DI, French R, Spencer J, Steer H, Anderson G, Macdonald TT (2005) Phenotypic characterization of CD3-7+ cells in developing human intestine and an analysis of their ability to differentiate into T cells. J Immunol 174:5414–5422
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Henderson KN, Tye-Din JA, Reid HH, Chen Z, Borg NA, Beissbarth T, Tatham A, Mannering SI, Purcell AW, Dudek NL, van Heel DA, McCluskey J, Rossjohn J, Anderson RP (2007) A structural and immunological basis for the role of human leukocyte antigen DQ8 in celiac disease. Immunity 27:23–34
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hunt KA, Zhernakova A, Turner G, Heap GA, Franke L, Bruinenberg M, Romanos J, Dinesen LC, Ryan AW, Panesar D, Gwilliam R, Takeuchi F, McLaren WM, Holmes GK, Howdle PD, Walters JR, Sanders DS, Playford RJ, Trynka G, Mulder CJ, Mearin ML, Verbeek WH, Trimble V, Stevens FM, O'Morain C, Kennedy NP, Kelleher D, Pennington DJ, Strachan DP, McArdle WL, Mein CA, Wapenaar MC, Deloukas P, McGinnis R, McManus R, Wijmenga C, van Heel DA (2008) Newly identified genetic risk variants for celiac disease related to the immune response. Nat Genet 40:395–402
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jabri B, Ebert E (2007) Human CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocytes: a unique model to study the regulation of effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes in tissue. Immunol Rev 215:202–214
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jabri B, de Serre NP, Cellier C, Evans K, Gache C, Carvalho C, Mougenot JF, Allez M, Jian R, Desreumaux P, Colombel JF, Matuchansky C, Cugnenc H, Lopez-Botet M, Vivier E, Moretta A, Roberts AI, Ebert EC, Guy-Grand D, Brousse N, Schmitz J, Cerf-Bensussan N (2000) Selective expansion of intraepithelial lymphocytes expressing the HLA-E-specific natural killer receptor CD94 in celiac disease. Gastroenterology 118:867–879
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Karell K, Louka AS, Moodie SJ, Ascher H, Clot F, Greco L, Ciclitira PJ, Sollid LM, Partanen J (2003) HLA types in celiac disease patients not carrying the DQA1*05-DQB1*02 (DQ2) heterodimer: results from the European Genetics Cluster on Celiac Disease. Hum Immunol 64:469–477
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Keuning JJ, Pena AS, van LA, van Hooff JP, Va Rood JJ (1976) HLA-DW3 associated with coeliac disease. Lancet 1:506–508
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lorand L, Graham RM (2003) Transglutaminases: crosslinking enzymes with pleiotropic functions. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:140–156
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lundin KE, Scott H, Hansen T, Paulsen G, Halstensen TS, Fausa O, Thorsby E, Sollid LM (1993) Gliadin-specific, HLA-DQ(alpha 1*0501, beta 1*0201) restricted T cells isolated from the small intestinal mucosa of celiac disease patients. J Exp Med 178:187–196
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lundin KE, Scott H, Fausa O, Thorsby E, Sollid LM (1994) T cells from the small intestinal mucosa of a DR4, DQ7/DR4, DQ8 celiac disease patient preferentially recognize gliadin when presented by DQ8. Hum Immunol 41:285–291
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Maiuri L, Ciacci C, Ricciardelli I, Vacca L, Raia V, Auricchio S, Picard J, Osman M, Quaratino S, Londei M (2003) Association between innate response to gliadin and activation of pathogenic T cells in coeliac disease. Lancet 362:30–37
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Malamut G, Afchain P, Verkarre V, Lecomte T, Amiot A, Damotte D, Bouhnik Y, Colombel JF, Delchier JC, Allez M, Cosnes J, Lavergne-Slove A, Meresse B, Trinquart L, Macintyre E, Radford-Weiss I, Hermine O, Brousse N, Cerf-Bensussan N, Cellier C (2009) Presentation and long-term follow-up of refractory celiac disease: comparison of type I with type II. Gastroenterology 136:81–90
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Matysiak-Budnik T, Moura IC, Arcos-Fajardo M, Lebreton C, Menard S, Candalh C, Ben-Khalifa K, Dugave C, Tamouza H, van NG, Bouhnik Y, Lamarque D, Chaussade S, Malamut G, Cellier C, Cerf-Bensussan N, Monteiro RC, Heyman M (2008) Secretory IgA mediates retrotranscytosis of intact gliadin peptides via the transferrin receptor in celiac disease. J Exp Med 205:143–54
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
McGowan KE, Lyon ME, Butzner JD (2008) Celiac disease and IgA deficiency: complications of serological testing approaches encountered in the clinic. Clin Chem 54:1203–1209
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mearin ML, Biemond I, Pena AS, Polanco I, Vazquez C, Schreuder GT, de Vries RR, van Rood JJ (1983) HLA-DR phenotypes in Spanish coeliac children: their contribution to the understanding of the genetics of the disease. Gut 24:532–537
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mention JJ, Ben AM, Begue B, Barbe U, Verkarre V, Asnafi V, Colombel JF, Cugnenc PH, Ruemmele FM, McIntyre E, Brousse N, Cellier C, Cerf-Bensussan N (2003) Interleukin 15: a key to disrupted intraepithelial lymphocyte homeostasis and lymphomagenesis in celiac disease. Gastroenterology 125:730–745
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Meresse B, Chen Z, Ciszewski C, Tretiakova M, Bhagat G, Krausz TN, Raulet DH, Lanier LL, Groh V, Spies T, Ebert EC, Green PH, Jabri B (2004) Coordinated induction by IL15 of a TCR-independent NKG2D signaling pathway converts CTL into lymphokine-activated killer cells in celiac disease. Immunity 21:357–366
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Meresse B, Curran SA, Ciszewski C, Orbelyan G, Setty M, Bhagat G, Lee L, Tretiakova M, Semrad C, Kistner E, Winchester RJ, Braud V, Lanier LL, Geraghty DE, Green PH, Guandalini S, Jabri B (2006) Reprogramming of CTLs into natural killer-like cells in celiac disease. J Exp Med 203:1343–1355
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Molberg O, McAdam SN, Korner R, Quarsten H, Kristiansen C, Madsen L, Fugger L, Scott H, Noren O, Roepstorff P, Lundin KE, Sjostrom H, Sollid LM (1998) Tissue transglutaminase selectively modifies gliadin peptides that are recognized by gut-derived T cells in celiac disease. Nat Med 4:713–717
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nistico L, Fagnani C, Coto I, Percopo S, Cotichini R, Limongelli MG, Paparo F, D'Alfonso S, Giordano M, Sferlazzas C, Magazzu G, Momigliano-Richiardi P, Greco L, Stazi MA (2006) Concordance, disease progression, and heritability of coeliac disease in Italian twins. Gut 55:803–808
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Parrish-Novak J, Dillon SR, Nelson A, Hammond A, Sprecher C, Gross JA, Johnston J, Madden K, Xu W, West J, Schrader S, Burkhead S, Heipel M, Brandt C, Kuijper JL, Kramer J, Conklin D, Presnell SR, Berry J, Shiota F, Bort S, Hambly K, Mudri S, Clegg C, Moore M, Grant FJ, Lofton-Day C, Gilbert T, Rayond F, Ching A, Yao L, Smith D, Webster P, Whitmore T, Maurer M, Kaushansky K, Holly RD, Foster D (2000) Interleukin 21 and its receptor are involved in NK cell expansion and regulation of lymphocyte function. Nature 408:57–63
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Price P, Witt C, Allcock R, Sayer D, Garlepp M, Kok CC, French M, Mallal S, Christiansen F (1999) The genetic basis for the association of the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (A1, B8, DR3) with multiple immunopathological diseases. Immunol Rev 167:257–274
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Romanos J, van Diemen CC, Nolte IM, Trynka G, Zhernakova A, Fu J, Bardella MT, Barisani D, McManus R, van Heel DA, Wijmenga C (2009) Analysis of HLA and non-HLA alleles can identify individuals at high risk for celiac disease. Gastroenterology 137(834–40):840
Google Scholar
Shan L, Molberg O, Parrot I, Hausch F, Filiz F, Gray GM, Sollid LM, Khosla C (2002) Structural basis for gluten intolerance in celiac sprue. Science 297:2275–2279
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shan L, Qiao SW, Arentz-Hansen H, Molberg O, Gray GM, Sollid LM, Khosla C (2005) Identification and analysis of multivalent proteolytically resistant peptides from gluten: implications for celiac sprue. J Proteome Res 4:1732–1741
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Siegel M, Strnad P, Watts RE, Choi K, Jabri B, Omary MB, Khosla C (2008) Extracellular transglutaminase 2 is catalytically inactive, but is transiently activated upon tissue injury. PLoS ONE 3:e1861
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sollid LM, Markussen G, Ek J, Gjerde H, Vartdal F, Thorsby E (1989) Evidence for a primary association of celiac disease to a particular HLA-DQ alpha/beta heterodimer. J Exp Med 169:345–350
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Spurkland A, Ingvarsson G, Falk ES, Knutsen I, Sollid LM, Thorsby E (1997) Dermatitis herpetiformis and celiac disease are both primarily associated with the HLA-DQ (alpha 1*0501, beta 1*02) or the HLA-DQ (alpha 1*03, beta 1*0302) heterodimers. Tissue Antigens 49:29–34
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Stene LC, Honeyman MC, Hoffenberg EJ, Haas JE, Sokol RJ, Emery L, Taki I, Norris JM, Erlich HA, Eisenbarth GS, Rewers M (2006) Rotavirus infection frequency and risk of celiac disease autoimmunity in early childhood: a longitudinal study. Am J Gastroenterol 101:2333–2340
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sturgess R, Day P, Ellis HJ, Lundin KE, Gjertsen HA, Kontakou M, Ciclitira PJ (1994) Wheat peptide challenge in coeliac disease. Lancet 343:758–761
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tjon JM, Verbeek WH, Kooy-Winkelaar YM, Nguyen BH, van der Slik AR, Thompson A, Heemskerk MH, Schreurs MW, Dekking LH, Mulder CJ, van Bergen J, Koning F (2008) Defective synthesis or association of T-cell receptor chains underlies loss of surface T-cell receptor-CD3 expression in enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma. Blood 112:5103–5110
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tollefsen S, Arentz-Hansen H, Fleckenstein B, Molberg O, Raki M, Kwok WW, Jung G, Lundin KE, Sollid LM (2006) HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 signatures of gluten T cell epitopes in celiac disease. J Clin Invest 116:2226–2236
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Trynka G, Zhernakova A, Romanos J, Franke L, Hunt KA, Turner G, Bruinenberg M, Heap GA, Platteel M, Ryan AW, de KC H, GK HPD, Walters JR, Sanders DS, Mulder CJ, Mearin ML, Verbeek WH, Trimble V, Stevens FM, Kelleher D, Barisani D, Bardella MT, McManus R, van Heel DA, Wijmenga C (2009) Coeliac disease-associated risk variants in TNFAIP3 and REL implicate altered NF-kappaB signalling. Gut 58:1078–1083
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vader LW, De RA, van der Wal Y, Kooy YM, Benckhuijsen W, Mearin ML, Drijfhout JW, van VP, Koning F (2002) Specificity of tissue transglutaminase explains cereal toxicity in celiac disease. J Exp Med 195:643–649
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vader LW, Stepniak DT, Bunnik EM, Kooy YM, De HW, Drijfhout JW, Van Veelen PA, Koning F (2003a) Characterization of cereal toxicity for celiac disease patients based on protein homology in grains. Gastroenterology 125:1105–1113
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vader W, Stepniak D, Kooy Y, Mearin L, Thompson A, van Rood JJ, Spaenij L, Koning F (2003b) The HLA-DQ2 gene dose effect in celiac disease is directly related to the magnitude and breadth of gluten-specific T cell responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:12390–12395
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
van Belzen MJ, Meijer JW, Sandkuijl LA, Bardoel AF, Mulder CJ, Pearson PL, Houwen RH, Wijmenga C (2003) A major non-HLA locus in celiac disease maps to chromosome 19. Gastroenterology 125:1032–1041
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
van de Wal Y, Kooy Y, van VP, Pena S, Mearin L, Papadopoulos G, Koning F (1998a) Selective deamidation by tissue transglutaminase strongly enhances gliadin-specific T cell reactivity. J Immunol 161:1585–1588
PubMed
Google Scholar
van de Wal Y, Kooy YM, Drijfhout JW, Amons R, Papadopoulos GK, Koning F (1997) Unique peptide binding characteristics of the disease-associated DQ(alpha 1*0501, beta 1*0201) vs the non-disease-associated DQ(alpha 1*0201, beta 1*0202) molecule. Immunogenetics 46:484–492
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
van de Wal Y, Kooy YM, van Veelen PA, Pena SA, Mearin LM, Molberg O, Lundin KE, Sollid LM, Mutis T, Benckhuijsen WE, Drijfhout JW, Koning F (1998b) Small intestinal T cells of celiac disease patients recognize a natural pepsin fragment of gliadin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:10050–10054
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
van de Wal Y, Kooy YM, van VP, Vader W, Vader W, August SA, Drijfhout JW, Pena SA, Koning F (1999) Glutenin is involved in the gluten-driven mucosal T cell response. Eur J Immunol 29:3133–3139
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
van Heel DA, Hunt K, Greco L, Wijmenga C (2005) Genetics in coeliac disease. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 19:323–339
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
van Heel DA, Franke L, Hunt KA, Gwilliam R, Zhernakova A, Inouye M, Wapenaar MC, Barnardo MC, Bethel G, Holmes GK, Feighery C, Jewell D, Kelleher D, Kumar P, Travis S, Walters JR, Sanders DS, Howdle P, Swift J, Playford RJ, McLaren WM, Mearin ML, Mulder CJ, McManus R, McGinnis R, Cardon LR, Deloukas P, Wijmenga C (2007) A genome-wide association study for celiac disease identifies risk variants in the region harboring IL2 and IL21. Nat Genet 39:827–829
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Verkarre V, Romana SP, Cellier C, Asnafi V, Mention JJ, Barbe U, Nusbaum S, Hermine O, Macintyre E, Brousse N, Cerf-Bensussan N, Radford-Weiss I (2003) Recurrent partial trisomy 1q22-q44 in clonal intraepithelial lymphocytes in refractory celiac sprue. Gastroenterology 125:40–46
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vilppula A, Kaukinen K, Luostarinen L, Krekela I, Patrikainen H, Valve R, Maki M, Collin P (2009) Increasing prevalence and high incidence of celiac disease in elderly people: a population-based study. BMC Gastroenterol 9:49
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wolters VM, Wijmenga C (2008) Genetic background of celiac disease and its clinical implications. Am J Gastroenterol 103:190–195
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhernakova A, Elbers CC, Ferwerda B, Romanos J, Trynka G, Dubois PC, de Kovel CG, Franke L, Oosting M, Barisani D, Bardella MT, Joosten LA, Saavalainen P, van Heel DA, Catassi C, Netea MG, Wijmenga C (2010) Evolutionary and functional analysis of celiac risk loci reveals SH2B3 as a protective factor against bacterial infection. Am J Hum Genet 86:970–977
CAS
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar