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Analysis of UNEP Priority POPs Using HRGC-HRMS and Their Contamination Profiles in Livers and Eggs of Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) from Japan

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Abstract

The present investigation demonstrates establishment of United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) priority Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) using high-resolution gas chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Particularly, POPs analytical methods were established using native and 13C-labeled internal standards of HCHs, HCB, cyclodienes, chlordanes, DDTs, mirex, dioxin-like PCBs, PCDDs, and PCDFs by isotope dilution technique. The relative response factor for 6-point calibration curve native standards (18 replicate analysis) were in the ranges of 0.93–1.43 with relative standard deviation ranges from 1.68 to 4.96%. Instrument detection limit and instrument quantification limit was established for various POPs at femtograms. Concentrations of UNEP-POPs were measured in liver (n = 10) and egg (n = 10) of great cormorants and their major diet, gizzard shad (n = 2), collected in and around Tokyo, Japan. DDTs (ranges in liver and egg, respectively) were predominant accumulants (9800–310,000 and 9600–73,000) followed by dioxin-like PCBs (4500–69,000 and 7900–150,000), chlordanes (2600–16,000 and 700–4,800), cyclodienes (650–4600 and <1–1000), HCB (680–2800 and 180–590), HCHs (230–1800 and 120–490), PCDD/DFs (3.2–27 and 1.7–5.7) on nanogram per gram lipid basis. Concentrations (ranges) of POPs in gizzard shad were in the following order: DDTs (3900–16,000), chlordanes (3400–14,000), cyclodienes (340–1300), HCB (110–480), and HCHs (140–360) on nanogram per gram lipid basis.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Mr. Etsumasa Ohi and Miss Michiko Yamashita, Shimadzu Techno Research Inc., Kyoto, Japan for the help during analysis.

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  1. Shimadzu Techno-Research Inc., #1, Nishinokyo-Shimoaicho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8436, Japan

    Kurunthachalam Senthil Kumar, Kiyohiko Watanabe, Hiroaki Takemori & Takumi Takasuga

  2. National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan

    Naomasa Iseki

  3. Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan

    Shigeki Masunaga

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  1. Kurunthachalam Senthil Kumar
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Correspondence to Kurunthachalam Senthil Kumar.

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Kumar, K.S., Watanabe, K., Takemori, H. et al. Analysis of UNEP Priority POPs Using HRGC-HRMS and Their Contamination Profiles in Livers and Eggs of Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) from Japan. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 48, 538–551 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-004-0030-3

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