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The influence of flow blockage elements at the orifice exit on the hydrodynamic and thermal performances of impinging square jets - an experimental investigation

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Abstract

This study reports the findings of research into the effect of impinging air jet performance caused by flow-blocking elements situated near the orifice exit. The main goal is to figure out how heat transfer performance can be improved with less pumping power. Three distinct types of orifice plates are used to achieve this result. One of these three lacks flow-blocking components altogether, while the other two have variants on this theme. Each of the two orifice plates with flow-blocking components consists of either (i) a wire screen mesh at the orifice exit plane or (ii) distributed orifice (a number of smaller orifices spaced evenly apart). Experiments are performed to cool a flat plate (1.5 mm in thickness) heated electrically by impinging square jets of air at ambient temperature. Three distinct comparison criteria are used to examine the fluid flow, hydrodynamics, and heat transfer properties of the jets emerging from these orifices. For all three jet configurations, these criteria consist of (i) a constant mass flow rate of the fluid, (ii) a constant pumping power consumption of the jet over the orifice plate, and (iii) a constant Nusselt number on the impingement surface. It is seen that by using flow-blocking components at the orifice exit plane improves the heat transfer performance of an impinging air jet. When comparing the two flow blockage designs (distributed orifice vs. orifice with mesh), the distributed orifice configuration performs better.

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Abbreviations

B :

width of the orifice without any flow blockage element, mm

I :

current, A

k :

thermal conductivity of air, W/m-\(^\circ\)C

L :

width of the impingement plate, mm

\(\dot{m}\) :

mass flow rate, kg/s

Nu :

local Nusselt number

\(Nu_{0}\) :

stagnation Nusselt number

P :

pumping power, W

q :

heat flux, W/\(m^{2}\)

\(\dot{Q}\) :

volumetric flow rate, lit/min

\(Q_{supp}\) :

heat supplied, W

\(Q_{loss}\) :

heat loss, W

\(Q_{net}\) :

net heat supplied, W

Re :

Reynolds number

T :

local temperature, \(^\circ\)C

TI :

turbulence intensity, %

\(T_{0}\) :

stagnation temperature, \(^\circ\)C

\(T_{j}\) :

jet temperature at the nozzle exit, \(^\circ\)C

\(U_{c}\) :

jet centerline velocity, m/s

\(U_{e}\) :

jet exit velocity, m/s

\(U_{c}/U_{e}\) :

normalized jet centerline velocity

V :

voltage supplied to the heater, V

X :

lateral distance from the stagnation point on the impingement plate, mm

X/B :

non-dimensional lateral distance on the impingement plate

Z :

jet-to-plate distance, mm

Z/B :

non-dimensional jet-to-plate distance

\(\mu\) :

dynamic viscosity of air, kg/m-s

\(\rho\) :

density of air, kg/\(m^3\)

\(\phi\) :

flow area ratio

\(\Delta p\) :

pressure drop, Pa

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The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Kurnool, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, 518008, India

    Pullarao Muvvala & Din Bandhu

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  1. Pullarao Muvvala
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  2. Din Bandhu
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Contributions

The first author Pullarao Muvvala contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed and the first draft of the manuscript was written by Pullarao Muvvala. The second author Din Bandhu commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Pullarao Muvvala.

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Muvvala, P., Bandhu, D. The influence of flow blockage elements at the orifice exit on the hydrodynamic and thermal performances of impinging square jets - an experimental investigation. Heat Mass Transfer 59, 1821–1836 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-023-03371-x

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