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An experimental and numerical study of endwall heat transfer in a turbine blade cascade including tangential heat conduction analysis

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Abstract

This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of heat transfer in the endwall region of a large scale turbine cascade. The steady-state liquid crystal technique has been used to obtain the map of the heat transfer coefficient for a constant heat flux boundary condition. In the presence of two- and three-dimensional flows with significant spatial variations of the heat transfer coefficient, tangential heat conduction could lead to error in the heat transfer coefficient determination, since local heat fluxes at the wall-to-fluid interface tend to differ from point to point and surface temperatures to be smoothed out, thus making the uniform-heat-flux boundary condition difficult to be perfectly achieved. For this reason, numerical simulations of flow and heat transfer in the cascade including the effect of tangential heat conduction inside the endwall have been performed. The major objective of numerical simulations was to investigate the influence of wall heat conduction on the convective heat transfer coefficient determined during a nominal iso-flux heat transfer experiment and to interpret possible differences between numerical and experimental heat transfer results. Results were presented and discussed in terms of local Nusselt number and a convenient wall heat flux function for two values of the Reynolds number (270,000 and 960,000).

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Abbreviations

A :

Heated surface area (m 2 )

C :

Blade chord length (m)

C p :

Pressure coefficient (−)

C x :

Axial blade chord length (m)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (W/m 2 K)

N :

Fractional change in the wall heat flux into the flow due to tangential conduction (−)

Nu :

Nusselt number (−)

p :

Local static pressure (Pa)

p outlet :

Mass-averaged static pressure at the cascade outlet section (Pa)

p t,inlet :

Inlet total pressure (Pa)

Re :

Reynolds number (−)

q cond :

Heat flux loss due to conduction (W/m 2 )

q conv :

Convective heat flux (W/m 2 )

q el :

Input power to the heater per unit area (W/m 2 )

q rad :

Heat flux loss due to radiation (W/m 2 )

q w :

Heat flux at the wall-to-fluid interface (W/m 2 )

q 0 :

Heat flux dissipated by the heater and directed toward the wall-to-fluid interface (W/m 2 )

T air :

Air temperature (°C)

T aw :

Adiabatic wall temperature (°C)

T LC :

Surface temperature given by liquid crystals (°C)

T w :

Wall temperature (°C)

V exit :

Isentropic exit velocity (m/s)

x :

Axial distance from blade leading edge (m)

y + :

Dimensionless characteristic wall coordinate (−)

λ :

Fluid thermal conductivity (W/m K)

ν :

Fluid kinematic viscosity (m 2 /s)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DIME, Università degli Studi di Genova, via Montallegro 1, I-16145, Genoa, Italy

    Luca Ratto, Francesca Satta & Giovanni Tanda

Authors
  1. Luca Ratto
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  2. Francesca Satta
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  3. Giovanni Tanda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Giovanni Tanda.

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Ratto, L., Satta, F. & Tanda, G. An experimental and numerical study of endwall heat transfer in a turbine blade cascade including tangential heat conduction analysis. Heat Mass Transfer 54, 1627–1636 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-017-2254-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-017-2254-6

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