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Variation in the trophic niche and food provisioning between the early and late chick-rearing stages in Magellanic penguins Spheniscus magellanicus at Martillo Island, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

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Abstract

Variation in the foraging niche and parental provisioning behaviors of breeding seabirds have the potential to affect population dynamics (e.g. foraging success, breeding productivity, and ultimately population size). We sampled blood plasma of family’ groups (females, males, and chicks) of Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) from Martillo Island, Argentina. We used stable isotope analyses on plasma samples to examine food provisioning, isotopic niche, trophic position, and diet composition of penguins between the early and late chick-rearing periods. We found clear differences in the isotopic niches of penguins between the two stages of the chick-rearing period related to shifts in foraging habitat and/or diet composition between stages. We found no evidence of individual consistency in isotopic niches or sex-specific selective provisioning by adults. In addition, we found high variability within family groups (accounting for 90% of the total isotopic variability). This study improves our understanding of the age, sex, individual, and breeding stage-specific trophic niches of Magellanic penguins, which may be helpful in projecting how they may respond to future environmental change (e.g., changes that affect prey availability).

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Data availability

Penguins’ stable isotope raw data could find available here: https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/197811

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Maria Eugenia Lopez, Analía San Martin and Hernan Sacristan for their help during the fieldwork. Also, we thank Hayat Bennadji, Ulises Balza, and Nicolás A. Lois for technical help with stable isotope analysis. We acknowledge Andres and Alejandro Greco from Piratur SA for transportation to Martillo Island; and the Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Museo Acatushún de Aves y Mamíferos Marinos Australes, and Ea. Harberton, which provided logistical support.

Funding

This study was financially supported by the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (PICT 2012-1832, PICT 2014-1870), Wildlife Conservation Society, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), and the Antarctic Research Trust. Research by S.D. was carried out under a Ph.D. fellowship from CONICET.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ecología y Conservación de Vida Silvestre, Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

    Samanta Dodino, Luciana Riccialdelli & Andrea Raya Rey

  2. Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA

    Michael J. Polito

  3. Antarctic Research Trust, Bremervörde, Germany

    Klemens Pütz

  4. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

    Andrea Raya Rey

  5. Wildlife Conservation Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Andrea Raya Rey

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  1. Samanta Dodino
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  2. Luciana Riccialdelli
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  3. Michael J. Polito
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  4. Klemens Pütz
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  5. Andrea Raya Rey
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SD: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis and investigation, writing-original draft preparation; LR: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, resources, writing-review and editing, supervision; MJP: methodology, resources, writing-review and editing; KP: resources, writing-review and editing, funding acquisition; ARR: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, resources, writing-review and editing, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Samanta Dodino.

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Dodino, S., Riccialdelli, L., Polito, M.J. et al. Variation in the trophic niche and food provisioning between the early and late chick-rearing stages in Magellanic penguins Spheniscus magellanicus at Martillo Island, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Mar Biol 170, 96 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-023-04242-z

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