Skip to main content
Log in

Polynomial-Size Binary Decision Diagrams for the Exactly Half-d-Hyperclique Problem Reading Each Input Bit Twice

  • Published:
Theory of Computing Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A binary decision diagram (BDD) is a graph-based data structure representing Boolean functions; -BDDs are BDDs with an additional restriction that each input bit can be tested at most times. A d-uniform hypergraph H on N vertices is an exactly half-d-hyperclique if N/2 of its vertices form a hyperclique and the remaining vertices are isolated. Wegener [J. ACM 35(2), 461–471 (1988)] conjectured that there is no polynomial-size (d−1)-BDD for the Exactly half-d-hyperclique problem. We refute this conjecture by constructing polynomial-size (syntactic) 2-BDDs for the Exactly half-d-hyperclique problem for every d≥2.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ajtai, M.: Determinism versus non-determinism for linear time RAMs with memory restrictions. In: 31st Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC), pp. 632–641 (1999)

  2. Ajtai, M.: A non-linear time lower bound for boolean branching programs. In: 40th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS), pp. 60–70 (1999)

  3. Ajtai, M., Babai, L., Hajnal, P., Komlós, J., Pudlák, P., Rödl, V., Szemerédi, E., Turán, G.: Two lower bounds for branching programs. In: Proceedings of the 18th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC), pp. 30–38 (1986)

  4. Andreev, A.E., Baskakov, J.L., Clementi, A.E.F., Rolim, J.D.P.: Smal pseudo-random sets yield hard functions: new tight explicit lower bounds for branching programs. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming (ICALP). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 1644, pp. 179–189. Springer, Berlin (1999)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Beame, P., Saks, M., Sun, X., Vee, E.: Super-linear time-space tradeoff lower bounds for randomized computation. In: 41th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS), pp. 169–179 (2000)

  6. Beame, P., Saks, M., Sun, X., Vee, E.: Time-space trade-off lower bounds for randomized computation of decision problems. J. ACM 50(2), 154–195 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Beame, P., Saks, M., Thathachar, J.S.: Time-space tradeoffs for branching programs. In: 39th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS), pp. 254–263 (1998)

  8. Beame, P., Saks, M., Thathachar, J.S.: Time-space tradeoffs for branching programs. J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 63(4), 542–572 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Borodin, A., Razborov, A.A., Smolensky, R.: On lower bounds for read-k-times branching programs. Comput. Complex. 3, 1–18 (1993)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Bryant, R.: On the complexity of VLSI implementations and graph representations of Boolean functions with application to integer multiplication. IEEE Trans. Comput. 40(2), 205–213 (1991)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Cobham, A.: The recognition problem for the set of perfect squares. In: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS), pp. 78–87 (1966)

  12. Jukna, S., Razborov, A.: Neither reading few bits twice nor reading illegally helps much. ECCC report TR96-037

  13. Kára, J., Král’, D.: Optimal free binary decision diagrams for computation of EAR n . In: Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2420, pp. 411–422. Springer, Berlin (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Pudlák, P., Žák, S.: Space complexity of computations. Math. Inst., ČSAV, Prague (1983) 30 pp.

  15. Razborov, A.A.: Lower bounds for deterministic and nondeterministic branching programs. In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 529, pp. 47–61. Springer, Berlin (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Sauerhoff, M.: On nondeterminism versus randomness for read-once branching programs. Technical report in Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity (ECCC), TR97-030 (1997)

  17. Simon, J., Szegedy, M.: A new lower bound theorem for read only once branching programs and its applications. In: Cai, J. (ed.) Advances in Computational Complexity. DIMACS Series in Discrete Mathematics, vol. 13, pp. 183–193. Am. Math. Soc., Providence (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Thathachar, J.S.: On separating the read-k-times branching program hierarchy. In: Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC), pp. 653–662 (1998)

  19. Wegener, I.: The Complexity of Boolean Functions. Teubner, Stuttgart (1987)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Wegener, I.: On the complexity of branching programs and decision trees for clique functions. J. ACM 35(2), 461–471 (1988)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Wegener, I.: Branching Programs and Binary Decision Diagrams—Theory and Applications. SIAM Monographs on Discrete Mathematics and Applications, vol. 4. SIAM, Philadelphia (2000)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Žák, S.: An exponential lower bound for one-time-only branching programs. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 176, pp. 562–566. Springer, Berlin (1984)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel Král’.

Additional information

Institute for Theoretical Computer Science (ITI) is supported by Ministry of Education of Czech Republic as projects LN00A056 and 1M0545.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Král’, D. Polynomial-Size Binary Decision Diagrams for the Exactly Half-d-Hyperclique Problem Reading Each Input Bit Twice. Theory Comput Syst 45, 27–42 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-007-9067-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-007-9067-9

Keywords

Navigation