References
Revilla M, de la Sierra G, Aguado F, Varela L, Jimenez-Jimenez F, Rico H (1996) Bone mass in Parkinson's disease: a study with three methods. Calcif Tissue Int 58:311–315
Gonnelli S, Cepollaro C, Pondrelli C, Martini S, Rossi S, Gennari C (1996) Ultrasound parameters in osteoporotic patients treated with salmon calcitonin: a longitudinal study. Osteoporosis Int 6:303–307
Porter R, Miller C, Grainger D, Palmer S (1990) Prediction of hip fracture in elderly women: a prospective study. BMJ 301: 638–641
Lees B, Stevenson J (1993) Preliminary evaluation of a new ultrasound bone densitometer. Calcif Tissue Int 53:149–152
Langton C, Ali A, Riggs C, Evans G, Bonfield W (1990) A contact method for the assessment of ultrasonic velocity and broadband attenuation in cortical and cancellous bone. Clin Phys Physiol Meas 11(3):243–249
Brandenburger G, Waud K, Baran D (1992) Reproducibility of uncorrected velocity of sound does not indicate true precision. J Bone Miner Res (suppl)1:S184
McCloskey E, Murray S, Charlesworth D, Miller C, Fordham J, Clifford K, Atkins R, Kanis J (1990) Assessment of broadband ultrasound attenuation in the os calcis in vitro. Clin Sci 78:221–227
Kotzki P, Buyck D, Hans D, Thomas E, Bonnel F, Favier F, Meunier P, Rossi M (1994) Influence of fat on ultrasound measurements of the os calcis. Calcif Tissue Int 54:91–95
Wu C, Gluer C, Jergas M, Bendavid E, Genant H (1995) The impact of bone size on broadband ultrasound attenuation. Bone 16(1):137–141
Serpe L, Rho J (1996) Broadband ultrasound attenuation value dependence on bone width in vitro. Phys Med Biol 41:197–202
Herd R, Blake G, Ramalingam T, Miller C, Ryan P, Fogelman I (1993) Measurements of postmenopausal bone loss with a new contact ultrasound system. Calcif Tissue Int 53:153–157
Wells P (1977) Biomedical ultrasonics. Academic Press, New York.
Langton C, Palmer S, Porter R (1984) The measurement of broadband ultrasonic attenuation in cancellous bone. Eng Med 13:89–91
Blake G, Herd R, Miller C, Fogelman I (1994) Should broadband ultrasonic attenuation be normalized for the width of the calcaneus? Br J Radiol 67:1206–1209
Tavakoli M, Evans J (1992) The effect of bone structure on ultrasonic attenuation and velocity. Ultrasonics 30(6):389–395
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Haüsler, K., Rich, P. & Barry, E. Water Bath and Contact Methods in Ultrasonic Evaluation of Bone. Calcif Tissue Int 61, 26–29 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s002239900287
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002239900287