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Sex Differences in Chondrocyte Maturation in the Mandibular Condyle from a Decreased Occlusal Loading Model

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Abstract

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) predominantly afflict women of childbearing age. Defects in mechanical loading-induced temporomandibular joint (TMJ) remodeling are believed to be a major etiological factor in the development of TMD. The goal of this study was to determine if there are sex differences in CD-1 and C57BL/6 mice exposed to a decreased occlusal loading TMJ remodeling model. Male and female CD-1 and C57BL/6 mice, 21 days old, were each divided into two groups. They were fed either a normal pellet diet (normal loading) or a soft diet and had their incisors trimmed out of occlusion (decreased occlusal loading) for 4 weeks. The mandibular condylar cartilage was evaluated by histology, and the subchondral bone was evaluated by micro-CT analysis. Gene expression from both was evaluated by real-time PCR analysis. In both strains and sexes of mice, decreased occlusal loading caused similar effects in the subchondral bone, decreases in bone volume and total volume compared with their normal loading controls. However, in both strains, decreased occlusal loading caused a significant decrease in the expression of collagen type II (Col2) and Sox9 only in female mice, but not in male mice, compared with their normal loading controls. Decreased occlusal loading causes decreased bone volume in both sexes and a decrease in early chondrocyte maturation exclusively in female mice.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by 5K22DE017193 (S. W.) and 1R01DE020097 (S. W.) from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-1725, USA

    J. Chen, T. Sobue, A. Utreja, Z. Kalajzic & S. Wadhwa

  2. New England Musculoskeletal Institute, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA

    M. Xu

  3. Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, NIDCR, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    T. Kilts & M. Young

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  1. J. Chen
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  2. T. Sobue
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  3. A. Utreja
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  4. Z. Kalajzic
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  5. M. Xu
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  6. T. Kilts
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  7. M. Young
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  8. S. Wadhwa
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Correspondence to T. Sobue.

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Chen, J., Sobue, T., Utreja, A. et al. Sex Differences in Chondrocyte Maturation in the Mandibular Condyle from a Decreased Occlusal Loading Model. Calcif Tissue Int 89, 123–129 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-011-9498-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-011-9498-9

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