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A Preliminary Investigation into the Effects of X-Ray Radiation on Superficial Cranial Vascularization

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Abstract

Radiation therapy (RT) is an established treatment modality for malignant neoplasms. RT induces tissue damage that may lead to osteoradionecrosis in more severe cases. Suitable animal models to study RT-induced changes in membranous craniofacial bone are currently not available. The aim of this study was therefore to quantify RT-induced changes in cranial microcirculation using a newly developed calvaria chamber model and to relate these changes to RT-induced histological damage. New Zealand white rabbits received a total radiation dose of 18.75 Gy through the calvaria chamber, and the number of vessels, the vessel length density (VLD), and angiogenic sprouting were quantified on a weekly basis during a 12-week period. At the end of 12 weeks, the RT-treated (n = 5) or control (n = 5) calvarias were biopsied for histopathological analysis. RT resulted in a steep reduction in the number of vessels and the VLD during the first 3 weeks, particularly in larger-diameter vessels, followed by a flat stabilization/remodeling phase in the subsequent 9 weeks that never restored to baseline values. Histomorphometric analysis revealed a high degree of osteocytic depletion, prominent hypocellularity in the lacunae and intraosseous vasculature, enlarged and nonconcentric Haversian systems, and a severely disorganized bone matrix in the RT-treated calvarias. Despite the prevalence of some angiogenic potential, the RT-induced effects in the early phase persisted in the intermediate to late phase, which may have contributed to the poor recovery of the RT-treated bone.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Prof. Vincent Everts (Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit) for assistance with histological analysis and Dr. Jan van Marle (Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center) for assistance with the microscopic techniques.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. EA 4032, School of Dentistry, Lille University Hospital, IFR 114, IMPRT, Place Verdun, 59000, Lille, France

    Sophie Desmons, Caroline Delfosse, Guillaume Falgayrac & Guillaume Penel

  2. U703 INSERM, Lille University Hospital, Pavillon Vancostenobel, 59000, Lille, France

    Sophie Desmons & Serge Mordon

  3. Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Michal Heger

  4. Department of Radiotherapy, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille University Hospital, 3 Rue Frédéric Combemalle, BP307, 59020, Lille, France

    Thierry Sarrazin

  5. Department of Pathology, Lille University Hospital, 59000, Lille, France

    Claire Delattre

  6. U577 INSERM, Bordeaux University Hospital, 146 Rue Léo-Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France

    Sylvain Catros

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  1. Sophie Desmons
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  2. Michal Heger
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  3. Caroline Delfosse
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  9. Guillaume Penel
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Correspondence to Sophie Desmons.

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Desmons, S., Heger, M., Delfosse, C. et al. A Preliminary Investigation into the Effects of X-Ray Radiation on Superficial Cranial Vascularization. Calcif Tissue Int 84, 379–387 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-009-9217-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-009-9217-y

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