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Characterization and determination of the geographical origin of wines. Part II: descriptive and inductive univariate statistics

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Abstract

Samples of commercial and authentic [authentic samples are samples produced under microvinification conditions (see Schlesier et al. Eur Food Res Technol, 2009)] wines were collected from four countries (Hungary, Czech Republic, Romania, and South Africa) and three different vintages. They were analyzed for 63 chemical parameters in the context of the European project “Establishing of a wine data bank for analytical parameters from Third Countries”. The aim of the project was to apply multivariate classification techniques to determine the country of origin of wines based on their chemical content. Moreover, it was important to evaluate whether models built for authentic samples can be used to discriminate commercial samples. Here we report on the descriptive and exploratory data analysis and discuss the univariate statistical results. These indicate that South African wines are easily discriminated from the other countries on the basis of a single isotopic ratio such as Ethanol(D/H)1. The discrimination of the European countries and especially the separation between Hungarian and Czech wines is less straightforward.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the contributions of the European Commission for the financial support of this work, which was carried out in the framework of the specific research and technological development program “Competitive and Sustainable Growth” (Contract G6RD-CT-2001-00676). The authors are solely responsible for the content of this research article and the European Community is not responsible for any use that might be made of the data appearing therein. This article is dedicated to Professor D.L. Massart, who initially took the lead of the chemometrics/statistics group in the project. Unfortunately he passed away during the project on 26 December 2005. Finally, the authors would like to thank all the partners of the European Wine DB project and especially the ones who collected the different wine samples, performed the micro-vinification of the authentic samples and did the analytical measurements of all the parameters necessary to carry out this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Farmaceutisch Instituut, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium

    Johanna Smeyers-Verbeke

  2. Technische Universität Berlin, Fak. III, Gustav- Meyer- Allee 25, 13355, Berlin, Germany

    Henry Jäger & Ute Römisch

  3. Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche ed Alimentari, Via Brigata Salerno 13, 16147, Genoa, Italy

    Silvia Lanteri & Michele Forina

  4. Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK

    Paul Brereton

  5. Eurofins Scientific Analytics, Rue P.A. Bobierre, BP 42301, 44323, Nantes Cedex 3, France

    Eric Jamin

  6. Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Carsten Fauhl-Hassek

Authors
  1. Johanna Smeyers-Verbeke
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  2. Henry Jäger
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  3. Silvia Lanteri
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  4. Paul Brereton
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  5. Eric Jamin
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  6. Carsten Fauhl-Hassek
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  7. Michele Forina
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  8. Ute Römisch
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Johanna Smeyers-Verbeke.

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Project participants

R. Wittkowksi, BfR, Germany; C. Fauhl-Hassek, BfR, Germany; K. Schlesier, BfR, Germany; P. Brereton, CSL, United Kingdom; M.Baxter, CSL, United Kingdom; E. Jamin, Eurofins, France; X. Capron, VUB, Belgium; J. Smeyers-Verbeke, VUB, Belgium; C. Guillou, JRC, Italy; M. Forina, UGOA, Italy; U. Römisch, TU Berlin, Germany; V. Cotea, UIASI.VPWT.LO, Romania; E. Kocsi, NIWQ, Hungary; R. Schoula, CTL, Czech Republic; F. van Jaarsveld, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, South Africa; Jan Booysen, Winetech, South Africa.

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Smeyers-Verbeke, J., Jäger, H., Lanteri, S. et al. Characterization and determination of the geographical origin of wines. Part II: descriptive and inductive univariate statistics. Eur Food Res Technol 230, 15–29 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-009-1142-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-009-1142-9

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