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Polysaccharide-enhanced ARGET ATRP signal amplification for ultrasensitive fluorescent detection of lung cancer CYFRA 21-1 DNA

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Abstract

An ultrasensitive fluorescence biosensor for detecting cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) DNA of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is designed using polysaccharide and activator regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) signal amplification strategy. Thiolated peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is fixed on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by a cross-linking agent and hybridized with CYFRA 21-1 DNA. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is linked to PNA/tDNA heteroduplexes in the form of carboxy-Zr4+-phosphate. Subsequently, multiple 2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid (BMP) molecules are linked with HA to initiate ARGET ATRP reaction. Finally, a large number of fluorescein o-acrylate (FA) monomers are polymerized on the macro-initiators, and the fluorescence signal is significantly amplified. Under optimal conditions, this biosensor shows a significant linear correlation between the fluorescence intensity and logarithm of CYFRA 21-1 DNA concentration (0.1 fM to 0.1 nM), and the limit of detection is as low as 78 aM. Furthermore, the sensor has a good ability to detect CYFRA 21-1 DNA in serum samples and to recognize mismatched bases. It suggests that the strategy has broad application in early diagnosis by virtue of its high sensitivity and selectivity.

A novel and highly sensitive fluorescence biosensor for quantitatively detecting CYFRA 21-1 DNA via dual signal amplification of hyaluronic acid and ARGET ATRP reaction was developed. This proposed method has a low detection limit, wide detection range, high selectivity, and strong anti-interference.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the project for tackling of key scientific and technical problems in Henan Province (no. 192102310033) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 21575066).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China

    Xia Wang, Yawen Zhang, Liying Zhao & Huaixia Yang

  2. People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China

    Dazhong Wang

  3. School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, China

    Jinming Kong

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Correspondence to Dazhong Wang, Huaixia Yang or Jinming Kong.

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Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, L. et al. Polysaccharide-enhanced ARGET ATRP signal amplification for ultrasensitive fluorescent detection of lung cancer CYFRA 21-1 DNA. Anal Bioanal Chem 412, 2413–2421 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02394-1

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