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Determination of volatile compounds in cider apple juices using a covalently bonded ionic liquid coating as the stationary phase in gas chromatography

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Abstract

A chromatographic method for the separation of volatile compounds in Asturian cider apple juices has been developed. For this separation purpose, a monocationic imidazolium-based ionic liquid bearing a reactive terminal iodine atom was synthesized by a quaternization-anion exchange chemical sequence. Next, the gas chromatography (GC) stationary phase was prepared by covalently linking the imidazolium monolith to the reactive silanol groups of the inner capillary wall at 70 °C. This coated GC column exhibited good thermal stability (290 °C), as well as good efficiency (2000 plates/m) in the separation of volatile compounds from Asturian apple cider juices, and was characterized using the Abraham solvation parameter model. The intra-day and inter-day precision of the chromatographic method was evaluated, obtaining relative standard deviations from 3.7 to 12.9% and from 7.4 to 18.0%, respectively. Furthermore, recoveries from 82.5 to 122% were achieved.

Covalent bonding of an ionic liquid to inner column wall led to a great improvement of the separation efficiencies of stationary phases in gas chromatography

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (grant number: INIA-12-RTA2012-00118-C03-02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avenida Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain

    Jairo Pello-Palma, Jaime González-Álvarez, María Dolores Gutiérrez-Álvarez & Pilar Arias-Abrodo

  2. Servicio Regional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Carretera de Oviedo s/n, 33300, Villaviciosa, Spain

    Enrique Dapena de la Fuente & Juan José Mangas-Alonso

  3. Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avenida Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain

    Daniel Méndez-Sánchez & Vicente Gotor-Fernández

Authors
  1. Jairo Pello-Palma
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  2. Jaime González-Álvarez
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  3. María Dolores Gutiérrez-Álvarez
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  4. Enrique Dapena de la Fuente
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  5. Juan José Mangas-Alonso
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  7. Vicente Gotor-Fernández
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  8. Pilar Arias-Abrodo
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Correspondence to Jaime González-Álvarez or Pilar Arias-Abrodo.

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Pello-Palma, J., González-Álvarez, J., Gutiérrez-Álvarez, M.D. et al. Determination of volatile compounds in cider apple juices using a covalently bonded ionic liquid coating as the stationary phase in gas chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 409, 3033–3041 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-017-0250-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-017-0250-9

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