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Analysis of aged sulfadiazine residues in soils using microwave extraction and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

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Abstract

An efficient extraction of sulfadiazine residues from soils is difficult, as sulfadiazine is known to form quickly sequestering residues. The objective of this study was to optimize an exhaustive extraction for aged residues of sulfadiazine and its two major metabolites, N-acetylsulfadiazine and 4-hydroxysulfadiazine, from soil. For this purpose two representative used agricultural soils (Luvisol, Cambisol) were blended with manure derived from [14C]sulfadiazine-treated pigs and incubated at 10 °C in the laboratory. After different extraction tests with various solvent mixtures (two- to four-component mixtures with water, methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, and/or ethyl acetate), different pH values (pH 4 and 9), and extraction temperatures (up to 200 °C), soil extracts were measured by liquid scintillation counting and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. With respect to sulfadiazine yields, stability of soil extracts, and the amount of coextracted matrix, a microwave extraction of soil (15 min, 150 °C) using acetonitrile/water 1:4 (v/v) is the method of choice for the exhaustive extraction of aged sulfadiazine residues from soils.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ursula Kutsch for her help with laboratory analyses of soil samples, Dr. Mort Canty for proofreading our manuscript, and Bayer CropScience AG for conducting the radioactive sulfadiazine medication experiment. The project was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the Research Unit FOR566 “Veterinary medicines in soils: Basic research for risk assessment” (AM134/6–2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Soil Science, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany

    M. Förster, V. Laabs & W. Amelung

  2. Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), University of Dortmund, 44221, Dortmund, Germany

    M. Lamshöft

  3. Institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere (ICG 4), Agrosphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany

    T. Pütz

Authors
  1. M. Förster
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  2. V. Laabs
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  3. M. Lamshöft
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  4. T. Pütz
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  5. W. Amelung
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Correspondence to M. Förster.

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Förster, M., Laabs, V., Lamshöft, M. et al. Analysis of aged sulfadiazine residues in soils using microwave extraction and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 391, 1029–1038 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2081-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2081-1

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