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Cross state-dependent memory retrieval between tramadol and ethanol: involvement of dorsal hippocampal GABAA receptors

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Abstract

Rationale

Tramadol and ethanol, as psychoactive agents, are often abused. Discovering the molecular pathways of drug-induced memory creation may contribute to preventing drug addiction and relapse.

Objective

The tramadol- and ethanol-induced state-dependent memory (SDM) and cross-SDM retrieval between tramadol and ethanol were examined in this study. Moreover, because of the confirmed involvement of GABAA receptors and GABAergic neurotransmission in memory retrieval impairment, we assessed cross-SDM retrieval between tramadol and ethanol with a specific emphasis on the role of the GABAA receptors. The first hypothesis of this study was the presence of cross-SDM between tramadol and ethanol, and the second hypothesis was related to possible role of GABAA receptors in memory retrieval impairment within the dorsal hippocampus.

The cannulae were inserted into the hippocampal CA1 area of NMRI mice, and a step-down inhibitory avoidance test was used to evaluate state dependence and memory recovery.

Results

The post-training and/or pre-test administration of tramadol (2.5 and 5 mg/kg, i.p.) and/or ethanol (0.5 and 1 g/kg, i.p.) induced amnesia, which was restored after the administration of the drugs 24 h later during the pre-test period, proposing ethanol and tramadol SDM. The pre-test injection of ethanol (0.25 and 0.5 g/kg, i.p.) with tramadol at an ineffective dose (1.25 mg/kg) enhanced tramadol SDM. Moreover, tramadol injection (1.25 and 2.5 mg/kg) with ethanol at the ineffective dose (0.25 g/kg) promoted ethanol SDM. Furthermore, the pre-test intra-CA1 injection of bicuculline (0.0625, 0.125, and 0.25 μg/mouse), a GABAA receptor antagonist, 5 min before the injection of tramadol (5 mg/kg) or ethanol (1 g/kg) inhibited tramadol- and ethanol-induced SDM dose-dependently.

Conclusion

The findings strongly confirmed cross-SDM between tramadol and ethanol and the critical role of dorsal hippocampal GABAA receptors in the cross-SDM between tramadol and ethanol.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Razi Drug Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (grant number 98-3-21-16177).

Funding

The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the Razi Drug Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (grant number 98-3-21-16177).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Razi Drug Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Majid Jafari-Sabet & Mohammad Sheibani

  2. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Majid Jafari-Sabet, Mohammad Sheibani, Navid Fatahi & Helia Aghamiri

  3. Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Shiva Amiri

  4. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Shiva Amiri

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Majid Jafari-Sabet: conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition. Shiva Amiri: formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. Mohammad Sheibani: formal analysis, writing—review and editing. Helia Aghamiri: investigation, writing—review and editing. Navid Fatahi: formal analysis, investigation.

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Jafari-Sabet, M., Amiri, S., Sheibani, M. et al. Cross state-dependent memory retrieval between tramadol and ethanol: involvement of dorsal hippocampal GABAA receptors. Psychopharmacology 241, 139–152 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-023-06469-6

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