Abstract
Psoriasis is a lifelong immune-driven skin condition characterized by excessive epidermal overgrowth and inflammatory cell infiltration. Gemifloxacin is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone with improved immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that are believed to possess an attractive role in psoriasis via suppressing the production of cytokines, chemokines, and eosinophil and neutrophil chemotaxis. The aim of this research is to investigate the ameliorative effects of prolonged topical gemifloxacin (GMF) alone and combined with clobetasol propionate (CLO) on an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model of psoriasis. Forty-eight Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups of eight. All groups except the negative controls got 62.5 mg of IMQ 5% topically for 8 days. Mice in the control group (controls) got Vaseline instead. Following the induction in the IMQ 5% group, mice in treatment groups CLO 0.05, GMF 1%, GMF 3%, and CLO + GMF obtained clobetasol propionate 0.05%, GMF 1% and 3%, and a combination of both, respectively, for an additional 8 days, rendering the experiment 16 days long. Our results revealed that gemifloxacin alleviated erythematous, thickened, and scaly psoriatic lesions and inhibited the tissue level of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-8, IL-17A, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). The anti-inflammatory effect also occurred by hindering nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling and reversing histopathological problems. Gemifloxacin acts effectively in mitigating psoriasis-associated lesions and restricting NF-κB-mediated inflammation, recommending gemifloxacin as a promising adjuvant candidate for additional studies on the long-term treatment of autoimmune and autoinflammatory dermatoses like psoriasis.
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Acknowledgements
The data were collected for a PhD thesis presented to Al-Nahrain University, College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology.
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All authors contributed significantly to the proposal conception, design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation. They support both the initial drafting and subsequent critical revisions of the work for key scientific components. To ensure that any issues about the truth or integrity of any components of the work are correctly examined and addressed, they additionally participate in the ultimate authorization of the edited copy to be published and offer an agreement to be responsible for all parts of the research. Professor Adeeb Ahmed Alzubaidy conceived of and designed the research project, and he assisted as well with its conceptualization, supervision, validation, visualization, reviewing, editing, and overall accomplishment. Hayder Ridha Salman collected data, organized sources, and performed analyses, and acquired funding by donating the cost. In addition to performing the initial research, he wrote the article’s final draft and oversaw the entire project’s management. Alaa Hamza Abbas helped with data analysis and interpretation, as well as with data curation and formal examination of the investigations methods and materials. The formal analysis, methodology, resources, and software are all contributions by Qassim A zigam. All authors examined and agreed on the completed version of the paper, and they are all responsible for its content and similarity score. Hayder Ridha Salman—revising and preparing the draft version of the manuscript; collaborating in the experimental planning of the study and imparting funding and other support; providing resources for the research, such as research materials, animals, and instruments; carrying out the research; and approving the ultimate iteration of the paper. Adeeb Ahmed Al-Zubaidy—design of the conceptual framework, the establishment of the study’s research guidance, and the formulation of major objectives and aims; comprehensive review of the manuscript, accompanied by insightful feedback and constructive comments. Alaa Hamza Abbas—participation in resources for the research, organizing and gathering data, incorporating methodological approaches, and providing logistical support. Qassim A Zigam—engaging in cooperative efforts, deploying computers for data analysis and methodology, performing statistical programming, and working on designing software. The authors declare that all data were generated in-house and that no paper mill was used.
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Salman, H.R., Al-Zubaidy, A.A., Abbas, A.H. et al. The ameliorative effects of topical gemifloxacin alone or in combination with clobetasol propionate on imiquimod-induced model of psoriasis in mice. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 397, 599–616 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02629-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02629-9