Abstract
We provide a fairly large class of II\(_1\) factors N such that \(M=N\bar{\otimes }R\) has a unique McDuff decomposition, up to isomorphism, where R denotes the hyperfinite II\(_1\) factor. This class includes all II\(_1\) factors \(N=L^{\infty }(X)\rtimes \Gamma \) associated to free ergodic probability measure preserving (p.m.p.) actions \(\Gamma \curvearrowright (X,\mu )\) such that either (a) \(\Gamma \) is a free group, \(\mathbb F_n\), for some \(n\ge 2\), or (b) \(\Gamma \) is a non-inner amenable group and the orbit equivalence relation of the action \(\Gamma \curvearrowright (X,\mu )\) satisfies a property introduced in Jones and Schmidt (Am J Math 109(1):91–114, 1987). On the other hand, settling a problem posed by Jones and Schmidt in 1985, we give the first examples of countable ergodic p.m.p. equivalence relations which do not satisfy the property of Jones and Schmidt (1987). We also prove that if \({\mathcal {R}}\) is a countable strongly ergodic p.m.p. equivalence relation and \({\mathcal {T}}\) is a hyperfinite ergodic p.m.p. equivalence relation, then \({\mathcal {R}}\times {\mathcal {T}}\) has a unique stable decomposition, up to isomorphism. Finally, we provide new characterisations of property Gamma for II\(_1\) factors and of strong ergodicity for countable p.m.p. equivalence relations.
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Acknowledgements
The first author would like to thank Lewis Bowen and Vaughan Jones for stimulating discussion regarding [17, Problem 4.3]. In particular, he is grateful to Vaughan for pointing out the analogy between this problem and a problem of Connes solved by Popa in Ref. [32], and to Lewis for raising a question which motivated Theorem F. We would also like to thank Sorin Popa and Ionut Chifan for several comments on the first version of this paper. Part of this work was done during the program “Quantitative Linear Algebra” at the Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics. We would like to thank IPAM for its hospitality.
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Communicated by Andreas Thom.
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The authors were supported in part by NSF Career Grant DMS #1253402.
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Ioana, A., Spaas, P. A class of II\(_1\) factors with a unique McDuff decomposition. Math. Ann. 375, 177–212 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-019-01862-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-019-01862-z