Abstract
The Human Microbiome Project was first established to understand the roles of human-associated microbes to human health and disease. This study presents preliminary findings of Thai female facial skin microbiome using three pooled samples from groups of skin microbiome profiles, namely (1) healthy and (2) acne-prone young adults (teenage.hea and teenage.acn) and (3) healthy elderly adults (elderly.hea) based on standard dermatological criteria. These samples were sequenced using 454-pyrosequencing targeting 16S rRNA (V3–V4 regions). Good’s coverage index of greater than 92% shows sufficient sampling of our data for each group. Three unique OTUs for each microbiome profile (43, 258 and 59 for teenage.hea, teenage.acn and ederly.hea, respectively) were obtained with 134 shared OTUs among the three datasets. Based on Morisita–Horn similarity coefficient, age is the major factor that brings the community relationship factor closer. The comparison among the three datasets reveal majority of Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes and Nitrospirae in the teenage.hea, whereas Firmicutes are more prevalent in teenage.acn and elderly.hea skin types. In addition, when comparing Thai facial microbial diversity with the 16S data from U.S. forehead female database, significant differences were found among orders of bacteria, pointing to possible differences in human ecto-flora.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Kittiya Sanjit and Phatsiri Khomkrachang for some laboratory helps. This work was supported by the Asahi Glass Foundation, and Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund, Chulalongkorn University. ST was supported in part by the Thailand Research Fund, Grant Number RSA58-80061.
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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.
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Fig. 1
Schematic diagram showing bacterial diversity among groups. Each read, representing by a color dot, annotates an OTU at order level (a phylum is shown below in the brackets), based on its confidence to the assigned OTU by Mothur (Wang et al. 2007; Schloss et al. 2009). Dot size refers to the percent relative abundance as multiple reads may identify the same species. Color chart on the right shows color of the merged dots. Unclassified orders are excluded from this diagram (TIFF 1023 kb)
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Somboonna, N., Wilantho, A., Srisuttiyakorn, C. et al. Bacterial communities on facial skin of teenage and elderly Thai females. Arch Microbiol 199, 1035–1042 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-017-1375-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-017-1375-0