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Enhancing wind power transfer and protection of actual Egyptian 220 kV HVAC transmission system with multi-terminal VSC-HVDC system

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Abstract

Transmitting power using high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems instead of high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) ones becomes desirable for integrating remote wind farms. Nowadays, Egypt planned to increase the wind power generation in the Red Sea zone from 1400 to 4000 MW by 2022. Unfortunately, the full capacity of the existing 220 kV HVAC transmission line connecting the current wind farms with the main grid is 1500 MW only. This paper aims first to pinpoint the challenges and drawbacks of the existing AC system, including limited capacity, and service quality. Then, it provides a comprehensive, technical and economic evaluation study of upgrading the existing 220 kV HVAC transmission system to a ± 160 kV HVDC system as compared with expanding the existed system to a conventional 500 kV HVAC transmission line. Finally, a thorough investigation study is presented for the proposed multi-terminal HVDC line in conjunction with its modified protection scheme based on a detailed simulation in MATLAB. Based on a variety of fault cases, an assessment of the performance and suitability of the proposed solutions is visualized. The results ensure the ability of the proposed HVDC system to be a suitable solution for integrating the wind farms in Egypt.

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Abbreviations

PTC:

Power transfer cost

d’Ʊ :

Rate of change of the DC current to DC voltage ratio

dv B4/dt :

Rate of change of voltage at busbar B4

di L4-5/dt :

Rate of change of current of section between busbar B4 and busbar B5

di/dt :

Rate of change of current

dv/dt :

Rate of change of voltage

i L4-5 :

Current of section between busbar B4 and busbar B5

i s4 :

Current of station 4

t op :

The operating time of the protection scheme to clear the fault

t CB :

The operating time of the circuit breaker

t meas :

The time delay associated with the remote measurement wave propagation

t process :

The time allocated to signal processing and decision making by the protective device

∆V :

The inductor voltage

l DCi :

The required DC reactor for each terminal of branch i

l i :

The inductance of branch i

l DCL :

The installed DC reactor at each terminal of the longest branch

l L :

The inductance of the longest branch

DCCB:

Direct current circuit breaker

HVDC:

High voltage direct current

LCC:

Line commutated converter

MTDC:

Multi-terminal direct current

NREA:

The new and renewable energy authority in Egypt

OHL:

Overhead line

TL:

Transmission line

VSC:

Voltage source converter

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, 32511, Egypt

    Mohammed Z. Elgeziry, Mahmoud A. Elsadd, Tamer A. Kawady, Mohamed A. Izzularab & Nagy I. Elkalashy

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  1. Mohammed Z. Elgeziry
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  2. Mahmoud A. Elsadd
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  3. Tamer A. Kawady
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  4. Mohamed A. Izzularab
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  5. Nagy I. Elkalashy
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Correspondence to Mahmoud A. Elsadd.

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Elgeziry, M.Z., Elsadd, M.A., Kawady, T.A. et al. Enhancing wind power transfer and protection of actual Egyptian 220 kV HVAC transmission system with multi-terminal VSC-HVDC system. Electr Eng 103, 1837–1847 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-020-01177-2

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