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Effects of steady flow heating by arc discharge upstream of non-slender bodies

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Abstract

The influence of steady energy addition into the flow by a low-voltage DC-arc discharge located upstream of conically nosed and spherically blunted bodies was investigated experimentally in the Ludwieg-Tube Facility at Mach 5. The results include drag force measurements and shadowgraph flow visualizations. The flow-field structure, arising due to the bow-shock/heated-wake interaction, as well as the bow-shock intensity and heating power effects on the drag reduction is analyzed in this paper. The results demonstrate the existence of an optimum heating rate, providing a maximum effectiveness of energy addition and showing distinct drag reductions up to 70% dependent on test conditions and model geometries.

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Abbreviations

c D :

drag force coefficient

c p :

specific heat capacity

D :

model diameter or drag force

L :

distance

M :

Mach number

P arc :

electric arc power

P heat :

heating power

P str :

stream-tube energy flux

P thr :

saved thrust power

q :

dynamic pressure

Re :

Reynolds number

S q :

cross-sectional area of the energy source

S ref :

cross-sectional area of the blunt body

T 0 :

total temperature

U :

velocity

δ :

thickness of the heated wake

\({\epsilon}\) :

heating power ratio (=P heat/P str)

η :

power effectiveness ratio (=P thr/P arc)

ρ :

density

θ :

cone half-angle

∞:

free-stream flow conditions

0:

conditions without energy deposition or total flow parameter

ref:

model reference parameter

s :

separation parameter

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. German Aerospace Center DLR, Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology, 37073, Göttingen, Germany

    E. Schülein

  2. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    A. Zheltovodov

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  1. E. Schülein
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Correspondence to E. Schülein.

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Communicated by K. Hannemann.

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Schülein, E., Zheltovodov, A. Effects of steady flow heating by arc discharge upstream of non-slender bodies. Shock Waves 21, 383–396 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-011-0307-1

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