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Twin-screw extrusion of short Kevlar fiber–reinforced nylon composite filaments with enhanced mechanical properties and morphology

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Abstract

This paper presents the development and characterization of cost-effective short Kevlar fiber reinforced nylon composite filaments. The effect of Kevlar fiber content on the tensile properties and the fiber distribution morphology was explored. A small amount of short Kevlar fiber was twin-screw compounded with nylon to study the reinforcing effects. Optical microscopy was used to investigate the morphology and the fiber distribution in the nylon matrix. The tensile strength of Kevlar composites increased to 90 MPa and 99 MPa at the fiber content of 1 wt% and 3 wt%, respectively, compared with the tensile strength of 84 MPa for pure nylon. As the fiber content increased from 0 to 3 wt%, the tensile modulus increased from 3.28 to 3.77 GPa. The optical microscopy and SEM images indicate that the twin-screw compounder with a proper screw configuration could disperse and distribute the Kevlar fibers uniformly in the nylon matrix. Statistically, this study demonstrates that the tensile strength and tensile modulus of nylon filament can be effectively enhanced with the addition of small amount of Kevlar fiber (i.e., less than 3 wt%), without sacrificing the ductility.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge H.M. Royal, Inc. for providing the Kevlar fiber and Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. for providing the nylon used in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering & Technology, Bradley University, Peoria, IL, 61625, USA

    Gangjian Guo

  2. US Department of Agriculture, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL, 61604, USA

    Victoria L. Finkenstadt

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele St BRG 437, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada

    Reza Rizvi

Authors
  1. Gangjian Guo
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  2. Victoria L. Finkenstadt
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  3. Reza Rizvi
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Contributions

(1) Gangjian Guo: conceptualization, project administration, experiments and tests, results analysis, statistical software, writing — original draft and editing. (2) Victoria L. Finkenstadt: experiments and tests, review and editing. (3) Reza Rizvi: conceptualization, results analysis, writing — review and editing

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Correspondence to Gangjian Guo.

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Guo, G., Finkenstadt, V.L. & Rizvi, R. Twin-screw extrusion of short Kevlar fiber–reinforced nylon composite filaments with enhanced mechanical properties and morphology. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 130, 3553–3559 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12927-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12927-4

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