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Study on fluid flow characteristics and laser transmission mode of water jet–guided laser processing in blind hole

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Abstract

In order to understand the transmission mode of laser in water jet–guided laser (WJGL) after entering blind holes, the flow characteristics of water jet in blind holes and the formation process of WJGL processing blind holes were studied. Firstly, the flow characteristics of water jets in blind holes under different water jet and blind hole conditions were studied through numerical simulation, including water jet diameter d (0–300 μm), hole diameter D (0–300 μm), and water jet velocity v (0–200 m/s). Secondly, single-point drilling experiments with different processing times (2–40 s) were conducted using WJGL technology to characterize the formation process of blind holes. Finally, the transmission mode of laser in blind holes and formation process mechanism of blind hole processed by WJGL were analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the process of water jet entering the blind hole can be divided into incident stage, rebound stage, and stable stage. The transmission of water jet in blind holes is influenced by D/d and v. When D/d is greater than 2.3, the water jet can stably transmit to the bottom of the blind hole. Taking 75 m/s and 150 m/s as the change points, as v increases, the stable transmission length of the water jet first decreases, then remains unchanged, and then increases. The experimental results indicate that with the increase of processing time, the formation process of blind holes undergoes rapid drilling stage, uniform reaming stage, bottom reaming stage, and stable stage. Under experimental conditions, the depth of blind holes first increases and then stabilizes with increasing processing time. The maximum depth of blind holes processed by WJGL is 720 μm. This article reveals the flow pattern of micro water jets in blind holes and the factors that affect their stable transmission for the first time. From the perspective of the guiding effect of water jets on laser, it is revealed that laser propagates along a straight line in a blind hole. The simulation and experimental results have guiding significance for improving the application of WJGL technology in blind hole processing.

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Funding

This work was sponsored by the National Key Research and Development Project (No. 2022YFB4601600), National Natural Science Foundation of China (51875558), and Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (No.XLYC1803036).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China

    Jinsheng Liang, Hongchao Qiao, Jibin Zhao, Zhihe Cao, Yinuo Zhang & Shunshan Wang

  2. Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110169, China

    Jinsheng Liang, Hongchao Qiao, Jibin Zhao, Zhihe Cao, Yinuo Zhang & Shunshan Wang

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Jinsheng Liang, Yinuo Zhang & Shunshan Wang

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  1. Jinsheng Liang
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  2. Hongchao Qiao
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  4. Zhihe Cao
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  5. Yinuo Zhang
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Contributions

Jinsheng Liang: summarization of the experiments and writing original paper. Hongchao Qiao: comment and revision for the paper. Jibin Zhao: formulations of the problem. Zhihe Cao and Yinuo Zhang: measurements of experiment data. Shunshan Wang: preparation of samples

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Correspondence to Hongchao Qiao or Jibin Zhao.

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Liang, J., Qiao, H., Zhao, J. et al. Study on fluid flow characteristics and laser transmission mode of water jet–guided laser processing in blind hole. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 129, 1717–1730 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12391-0

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