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Study on temperature field, microstructure, and properties of T2 pure copper by bobbin tool friction stir welding

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Abstract

This paper completes the welding of 4-mm-pure copper with bobbin tool-friction stir welding technology for the first time, and we discovered the evolution of microstructure by combining the temperature field evolution, microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical properties, and chemical corrosion resistance of welded joints. The findings demonstrate that the temperature field is dynamic, with the advancing side experiencing the highest peak temperature (422 °C). The size of recrystallized grain in the stir zone (SZ) is slightly larger than that of the base metal (BM), and the “banded structure” of alternating coarse-grain bands and fine grain bands is observed in this region. The microstructure of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) has larger grain size. Both the advancing and retreating sides of the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) have a distinct microstructure, with the advancing side having a more pronounced elongated and curved microstructure. The welded joint has a specific microstructure gradient from the standpoint of the overall microstructure, which results in the fracture location at TMAZ with the biggest microstructure gradient in the tensile test, and the welded joint’s efficiency is only 57.56% of the base metal. At the same time, the resistivity and the chemical corrosion resistance of the welded joint will decrease. During the welding process, the grains in the stir zone mainly undergo geometric dynamic recrystallization and the heat-affected zone mainly undergoes dynamic recovery.

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Funding

This work was supported by Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission industrial technology research and development project (Grant numbers [X2019C046-7]).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, 130000, China

    Yumeng Sun, Wei Liu, Yupeng Li, Shicheng Sun & Wenbiao Gong

  2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials of the Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, 130000, China

    Yumeng Sun, Wei Liu, Yupeng Li, Shicheng Sun & Wenbiao Gong

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  1. Yumeng Sun
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Contributions

Conceptualization, Yumeng Sun and Wenbiao Gong; methodology, Wenbiao Gong; investigation, Wei Liu and Shicheng Sun; writing original draft preparation, Yumeng Sun; writing, review and editing, Yumeng Sun, Yupeng Li, and Wenbiao Gong; supervision, Wenbiao Gong.

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Correspondence to Wenbiao Gong.

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Sun, Y., Liu, W., Li, Y. et al. Study on temperature field, microstructure, and properties of T2 pure copper by bobbin tool friction stir welding. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 127, 1341–1353 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11650-4

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