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Analysis of the influence of welding parameters on defects and welding characteristics of aluminum-magnesium alloy 5052-H34 in the FSW process

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Abstract

Friction stir welding (FSW) was developed as an alternative to conventional welding techniques. This technique eliminates the melting of materials, thus reducing the defects that would arise from conventional welding. The present work aims to evaluate the effect of welding parameters by varying the welding speed (ν) and the tool rotation (ω) using a threaded tool. The present work aims to evaluate the effect of welding parameters by varying the welding speed (ν) from 100 to 300 mm/min and the tool rotation (ω) from 600 to 1500 RPM using a threaded tool in Al–Mg plates 5052-H34 resulting in 72 specimens. The torque and forces were analyzed and the results were compared with the results obtained with a threadless welding tool. The quality of the weld was correlated with the welding parameters used by means of hardness tests and tomography. It was concluded that the threaded tool generates tunnel defects and demands greater energy from the process in relation to torque and axial force, when compared to the tool without thread, result in a variation of 44.15% higher values in torque, 29.10% maximum axial force, and 47.10% welding force. The behavior of the forces involved in the process, however, was the same for both tool geometries. The hardness along the neutral axis of the welded specimens showed the expected behavior, making clear the change between the stirring zone, the heat-affected zone, and the base metal.

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Funding

The project was supported by the Scholarship VRAc (Vice-Reitoria para Assuntos Acadêmicos da PUC-Rio), the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES) – Finance Code 001 and the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Grant 315473/2020–7.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Engenharia Química e de Materiais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Marcos Vinícius de Oliveira Martins & José Roberto Moraes D’Almeida

  2. Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Jose Luis Lopes Silveira

Authors
  1. Marcos Vinícius de Oliveira Martins
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  2. Jose Luis Lopes Silveira
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  3. José Roberto Moraes D’Almeida
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception, design and analysis. Material preparation and data collection were performed by Marcos Vinicius de Oliveira Martins. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Marcos Vinicius de Oliveira Martins and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Marcos Vinícius de Oliveira Martins.

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de Oliveira Martins, M.V., Silveira, J.L.L. & D’Almeida, J.R.M. Analysis of the influence of welding parameters on defects and welding characteristics of aluminum-magnesium alloy 5052-H34 in the FSW process. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 121, 6137–6151 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-09701-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-09701-3

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