Abstract
Owing to its excellent physical and chemical properties, such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and low density, optical glass is widely used in high-tech fields such as aviation, aerospace, and national defense; however, the grinding force during the processing of optical glass seriously affects the surface quality. Therefore, in the present paper, a mathematical model of the grinding force of diamond wheels with the ordered arrangement of abrasive grains on optical glass materials is established. The influences of the grinding wheel landform layout parameters and processing technology on the grinding force are discussed. The results of theoretical analysis and experimental research show that the ordered arrangement of abrasive grains can effectively reduce the grinding force. The values predicted by the model are in good agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the established mathematical model can provide theoretical guidance for the optimization of parameters in the processing process.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of data and materials
The datasets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
Curry D, Hong HC, Tsai HY, Ohmori H, Katahira K, Pei ZJ (2018) Fixed abrasive machining of non-metallic materials. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 67(2):767–790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2018.05.010
Fang FZ, Zhang GX (2004) An experimental study of optical glass machining. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 23(3-4):155–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-003-1576-3
Aurich JC, Braun O, Wamecke G, Cronjäger L (2003) Development of a superabrasive grinding wheel with defined grain structure using kinematic simulation. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 52(1):275–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)60583-6
Herzenstiel P, Aurich JC (2010) CBN-grinding wheel with a defined grain pattern–extensive numerical and experimental studies. Mach Sci Technol 14(3):301–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/10910344.2010.511574
Heinzel C, Rickens K (2009) Engineered wheel for grinding of optical glass. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 58(1):315–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2009.03.096
Fu YC, Xu HJ, Xu JH (2002) Optimization design of grinding wheel topography for high efficiency grinding. J Mater P Technol 129(1):118–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(02)00588-5
Zhang Y, Fang C, Huang G, Xu X (2018) Modeling and simulation of the distribution of undeformed chip thicknesses in surface grinding. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 127:27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2018.01.002
Yang ZB, Zhang Z, Yang RY, Liu AJ (2016) Study on the grain damage characteristics of brazed diamond grinding wheel using a laser in face grinding. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 87:853–858. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-8454-2
Yang ZB, Zhang MJ, Zhang Z, Liu AJ, Yang RY, Liu S (2016) A study on diamond grinding wheels with regular grain distribution using additive manufacturing (AM) technology. Mater Des 104:292–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.104
Azizi A, Mohamadyari M (2015) Modeling and analysis of grinding forces based on the single grit scratch. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 78(5-8):1223–1231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-014-6729-z
Su YH, Lin B, Cao ZC (2018) Prediction and verification analysis of grinding force in the single grain grinding process of fused silica glass. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 96(1-4):597–606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-1643-4
Zhang X, Zhang Z, Deng Z, Li S, Wu Q, Kang Z (2019) Precision grinding of silicon nitride ceramic with laser macro-structured diamond wheels. Opt Laser Technol 109:418–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2018.08.021
Malkin S (1991) Grinding technology: theory and applications of machining with abrasives. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 31(3):435–436. https://doi.org/10.1016/0890-6955(91)90088-K
Lichun L, Jizai F, Peklenik J (1979) A study of grinding force mathematical model. J Hunan Univ 29(1):245–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)61330-4
Blackley WS, Scattergood RO (1991) Ductile-regime machining model for diamond turning of brittle materials. Precis Eng 13(2):95–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-6359(91)90500-I
Adler TA (1994) Elastic-plastic indentation of hard, brittle materials with spherical indenters. J Amer Cer Socie 77(12):3177–3185. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1994.tb04567.x
Gu WB, Yao ZQ (2011) Evaluation of surface cracking in micron and sub-micron scale scratch tests for optical glass BK7. J Mech Sci Technol 25:1167–1174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-011-0306-2
Chen MJ, Zhao QL, Dong S, Li D (2005) The critical conditions of brittle–ductile transition and the factors influencing the surface quality of brittle materials in ultra-precision grinding. J.Mater.Proc.Technol. 168(1):75–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.11.002
Sun J, Wu YH, Zhou P, Li SH, Zhang LX, Zhang K (2017) Simulation and experimental research on Si3N4 ceramic grinding based on different diamond grains. Adv Mech Eng 9(6):168781401770559. https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814017705596
Pashmforoush F, Esmaeilzare A (2017) Experimentally validated finite element analysis for evaluating subsurface damage depth in glass grinding using Johnson-Holmquist model. Int J Precis Eng Manuf 18(12):1841–1847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-017-0213-2
Funding
This research was supported by the financial supports from the National Natural Science Funds of China (U1904170), the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of Henan, and the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Zhibo Yang conceived the experiments and reviewed, Dongyu He, Wang SUN, Yuqi Zhang, and Shiyu Zhang conducted the experiments, Hongbin Shi,Shian Liu, and Yanru Zhang analyzed the results. All authors reviewed the manuscript.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval
The authors state that this paper is an original work, it has not been published in any journals, and this research does not involve any ethical issues of humans or animals.
Consent to participate
The authors declare that this research involves no human participants and/or animals.
Consent for publication
The authors confirm the paper described has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors; that its publication has been approved by the responsible authorities at the institution where the work is carried out.
The authors agree to publication in the Journal indicated below and also to publication of the article in English by Springer in springer's corresponding English-language journal.
The copyright to the English-language article is transferred to Springer effective if and when the article is accepted for publication. The author warrants that his/her contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant. The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors. The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, microform, electronic form (offline, online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, Z., He, D., WangSun et al. Determination of the grinding force on optical glass based on a diamond wheel with an ordered arrangement of abrasive grains. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 115, 1237–1248 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07204-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07204-1