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Cleaner milling on Ti-6Al-4V alloy cooled by liquid nitrogen: external spray and inner injection

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Abstract

In titanium alloy processing, the cutting fluid often expresses the environmentally unfriendly, high-cost, and limited-quality improvement and affects their future application prospects. At present, liquid nitrogen (LN2) cooling could play a green manufacturing role and is being popularized for difficult-to-machine materials. In this paper, an LN2 inner injection transmission device was fabricated. A series of processing tests were carried out by comparing the LN2 external spray method and cutting fluid. And the different effects of the two LN2 cooling methods on the machining accuracy, required liquid nitrogen flow, machinability, and tool wear were investigated. The results show that the cryogenic of LN2 can significantly improve the thermal and force coupling action conditions in titanium alloy processing than cutting liquid cooling. Compared with higher cutting zone temperature of cutting liquid cooling, it is lower than 0° C for LN2 cooling even at 300-m/min cutting speed. When the required cooling temperature is lower, the external spay method needs more than 200% flow than the inner injection. Meanwhile, the diameter of 6-mm spray nozzle should be selected to be the more effective one for the external spray method. Moreover, the tool life can be more than 200% in LN2 cooling, especially the inner injection cooling is 10% longer than that of the external spay one. The milling force of external spay cooling is increased compared with inner injection. Furthermore, the inner injection cooling of LN2 has more efficiency, environment friendliness, and cleaner production for the machinability of difficult-to-machine materials.

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Data availability

We declare that the datasets used or analyzed in the current study can be obtained from the corresponding author at reasonable request.

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Funding

This research was partially supported by the natural science foundation project of Liaoning province (No.2020MS217), the Liaoning key fund of national natural science fund (No.U1608251), and the Key Laboratory for Precision/Non-traditional machining and micromanufacturing technology of the Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology (No. B202001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, 110159, China

    Fengbiao Wang

  2. School of mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China

    Yongqing Wang

Authors
  1. Fengbiao Wang
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  2. Yongqing Wang
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Contributions

The authors focus on the research on the mechanism and technology of cryogenic cooling machine for difficult-to-machine materials. The process can improve the machining quality and tool life. The research obtains the cooling mechanism of cryogenic coolant. For difficult-to-machine materials, it is a good method to solve the problem of high-efficiency and high-quality machining.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fengbiao Wang.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical approval

We declare that this research belongs to the field of machining and manufacturing. Only machine tools, alloys, and inorganic liquid nitrogen are employed to be tested, and this research does not involve any organic life, such as people, animals, and plants. And the issues of life science and ethics research are not also involved and considered.

Consent to participate

This study was conducted by the corresponding author under the guidance of the professor named Yongqing Wang in Dalian University of Technology. The involved researchers have been listed in the article, and all authors have no objection.

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The authors confirm that the work has not been published before and does not consider other places. Its publication has been approved by all co-authors. Authors agree to publish the article in Springer’s corresponding English-language journal.

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Wang, F., Wang, Y. Cleaner milling on Ti-6Al-4V alloy cooled by liquid nitrogen: external spray and inner injection. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 112, 1193–1206 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-06440-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-06440-1

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