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Individuell angepasster Beckenteilersatz in der Hüftgelenksrevision

Custom-made acetabular implants in revision total hip arthroplasty

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Höhergradige azetabuläre Defekte stellen den Operateur in der Revisionsendoprothetik zunehmend vor Herausforderungen.

Ziel

In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit soll die Versorgungsoption des individuellen Beckenteilersatzes bei ausgedehnten Knochenverlusten im Bereich des Azetabulums vorgestellt und die Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert werden.

Material und Methoden

In einer selektiven Literaturrecherche wurden die Ergebnisse der individuell angefertigten Beckenteilersätze mit ihren Vor- und Nachteilteilen zusammengestellt und diskutiert.

Ergebnisse

In den letzten Jahren haben die Publikationen über individuelle Beckenteilersätze bei ausgeprägten azetabulären Defekten deutlich zugenommen. Die in der Literatur durchschnittlich angegebene Überlebensrate liegt bei >90 %, bei einem Nachuntersuchungszeit von mindestens 2 Jahren.

Die Literatur zeigt, dass der individuelle Beckenteilersatz eine stabile und zuverlässige Versorgung von Patienten mit Knochendefekten Grad III a/b nach Paprosky oder III–V der AAOS erlaubt. Die individuelle Konstruktion der Implantate ermöglicht die Rekonstruktion des Rotationszentrums. Allerdings sind Planung und Vorbereitung dieser Eingriffe mit einem hohen Zeitaufwand verbunden und die Kosten für die Anfertigung eines individuellen Implantates sind nicht unerheblich.

Schlussfolgerung

Der individuelle Beckenteilersatz wird zunehmend für die Versorgung von höhergradigen azetabulären Defekten eingesetzt und stellt nach dem aktuellen Stand der Literatur eine zuverlässige Versorgungsoption dar.

Abstract

Background

Management of acetabular bone loss is a demanding problem in revision total hip arthroplasty.

Objectives

The aim of this review is to introduce and discuss the results and the advantages and disadvantages of custom-made implants as a treatment option for severe acetabular bone defects.

Materials and methods

A selective review of the existing literature of custom made acetabular implants was performed on PubMed.

Results

Studies showed good clinical and radiological outcomes of custom made acetabular implants and a survival rate of more than 90%.

Conclusion

Custom-made acetabular implants are a reliable treatment option for severe acetabular defects and allow the reconstruction of the centre of rotation of the hip. The costs of these implants are high and planning is time consuming.

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Abbreviations

AAOS:

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

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Correspondence to Gabriela von Lewinski.

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G. von Lewinski gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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von Lewinski, G. Individuell angepasster Beckenteilersatz in der Hüftgelenksrevision. Orthopäde 49, 417–423 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-020-03909-5

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