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Acute Toxicity of Daphnia magna Neonates Exposed to Single and Composite Mixtures of Four Emerging Contaminants

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Abstract

The effects of emerging contaminants on environmental health are of high concern, especially those potentially induced by mixtures. We assessed single and composite mixtures of triclosan (T), 17β-estradiol (E2), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and nicotine (N) at various concentrations, on neonates of Daphnia magna. When used in single exposure, T and N induced high toxicity (100% immobility, each one), compared to SMX and E2 (2.5% and 10% immobility, respectively). When T, E2, SMX and N were in mixture, T had the highest contribution to the overall toxicity in mixture exposures. The N toxicity lowered when in a fourfold exposure (85% immobility in fourfold exposure). Due to the high toxicity of T and N, both alone and in the mixtures, our results can serve as a warning about the use of these substances and their release in the aquatic ecosystem.

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Acknowledgements

This study was carried out as part of the research conducted through the project CEPRA-XIV-2020-09-“Determinación del impacto y ocurrencia de Contaminantes Emergentes en ríos de la Costa Ecuatoriana y propuestas de tratamiento para su remoción”. The authors thank the Corporación Ecuatoriana para el Desarrollo de la Investigación y Academia—CEDIA for their contribution in innovation, through the CEPRA projects. GMM acknowledges the postdoctoral Grant from the Project SEP-CONACYT CB-2017-2018 (#A1-S-34563).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador

    Verónica Pinos-Vélez

  2. Departamento de Recursos Hídricos y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador

    Verónica Pinos-Vélez

  3. Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    Giuliana S. Araujo

  4. NEPEA, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, S/N, São Vicente, SP, 11330-900, Brazil

    Giuliana S. Araujo

  5. Red de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico

    Gabriel M. Moulatlet

  6. Grupo de Investigación en Quimiometría y QSAR, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador

    Andrés Pérez-González & Piercosimo Tripaldi

  7. Escuela de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador

    Isabel Cipriani-Ávila

  8. Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real Km 9.5, C. P 24157, Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico

    Mariana V. Capparelli

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  1. Verónica Pinos-Vélez
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  2. Giuliana S. Araujo
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  3. Gabriel M. Moulatlet
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Correspondence to Verónica Pinos-Vélez.

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Pinos-Vélez, V., Araujo, G.S., Moulatlet, G.M. et al. Acute Toxicity of Daphnia magna Neonates Exposed to Single and Composite Mixtures of Four Emerging Contaminants. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 110, 14 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-022-03663-8

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