Abstract
The levels of 30 selected pesticides and trophic biomagnification of DDT were investigated in biota samples of the Lake Ziway in the Rift valley region, Ethiopia. Carbon source and trophic position were calculated by using 13C and 15N stable isotopes, individually, and trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were inferred. Only DDT and its metabolites were quantified in all samples analyzed. The most prominent metabolite was p,pʹ-DDE with mean concentration ranging from the 0.82–33.69 ng g−1 lipid weight. Moreover, the ratio of DDT/DDD + DDE in all the biota samples was less than 1 signifying historical DDT application. Regression of log [ΣDDT] vs TL (trophic level) among all biota species showed a significant correlation, indicating that DDTs are biomagnifying along with the food web of Lake Ziway with an estimated TMF of 2.75. The concentrations of DDTs and other organochlorine pesticides found in biota from Lake Ziway were, in general, lower than studies found in previous studies carried out in the same lake.
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Acknowledgements
This research was funded by the Institutional Collaboration program between Hawassa University and the Norwegian University of Life science (NMBU-HU ICOP –IV). We thank Marianne Stenrød, the head of the Pesticide and natural product chemistry section, Roman Florinski, and Agnethe Christiansen for their help during lab work at Bioforsk in Norway. The authors are extremely grateful to Hans Christian Teien and Marit Nanrup for their help in the analysis of isotopes at the Environmental Chemistry Section, Norwegian University of Life Sciences. We thank the Ziway Fishery research center staff for their help during sample collection.
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Mergia, M.T., Weldemariam, E.D., Eklo, O.M. et al. Levels and Trophic Transfer of Selected Pesticides in the Lake Ziway Ecosystem. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 108, 830–838 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-022-03497-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-022-03497-4