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Natural variation of GhSI7 increases seed index in cotton

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Abstract

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qSI07.1, a major QTL for seed index in cotton, was fine-mapped to a 17.45-kb region, and the candidate gene GhSI7 was verified in transgenic plants.

Abstract

Improving production to meet human needs is a vital objective in cotton breeding. The yield-related trait seed index is a complex quantitative trait, but few candidate genes for seed index have been characterized. Here, a major QTL for seed index qSI07.1 was fine-mapped to a 17.45-kb region by linkage analysis and substitutional mapping. Only GhSI7, encoding the transcriptional regulator STERILE APETALA, was contained in the candidate region. Association test and genetic analysis indicated that an 845-bp-deletion in its intron was responsible for the seed index variation. Origin analysis revealed that this variation was unique in Gossypium hirsutum and originated from race accessions. Overexpression of GhSI7 (haplotype 2) significantly increased the seed index and organ size in cotton plants. Our findings provided a diagnostic marker for breeding and selecting cotton varieties with high seed index, and laid a foundation for further studies to understand the molecular mechanism of cotton seed morphogenesis.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Prof. Xianlong Zhang and Prof. Shuangxia Jin from Huazhong Agricultural University, China, for providing cotton cultivars and systems for genetic transformation. We are grateful to Prof. Fang Liu from Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences for providing DNA samples of Gossypium hirsutum race accessions. We thank Dr. Iain Wilson and Dr. Philippe Moncuquet from the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, and Dr. Tianlun Zhao from Zhejiang University, China, for kindly providing bioinformatics support and assistance.

Funding

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32001590 to Xueying Liu, and 31871670 to Zhengsheng Zhang).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China

    Xueying Liu, Juan Hou, Li Chen, Qingqing Li, Xiaomei Fang, Jinxia Wang, Yongshui Hao, Peng Yang, Wenwen Wang, Dishen Zhang, Dexin Liu, Kai Guo, Zhonghua Teng, Dajun Liu & Zhengsheng Zhang

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  1. Xueying Liu
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  2. Juan Hou
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  3. Li Chen
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Contributions

Z.Z. and X.L. designed the research. X.L., J.H., J.W., and X.F. performed the DNA extraction and genotyping experiments. X.L., L.C., Y.H., P.Y. and W.W. participated in the construction of vectors. X.L., D.X.L., and K.G. performed the genetic transformation and other experiments. D.Z., Z.T. and D.J.L. performed field management. X.L. and Q.L. analyzed and interpreted the data. X.L. wrote the paper. Z.Z. supervised the whole work.

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Correspondence to Zhengsheng Zhang.

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Communicated by Tianzhen Zhang.

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Liu, X., Hou, J., Chen, L. et al. Natural variation of GhSI7 increases seed index in cotton. Theor Appl Genet 135, 3661–3672 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-022-04209-6

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