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Gene expression analysis at the intersection of ploidy and hybridity in maize

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Abstract

Heterosis and polyploidy are two important aspects of plant evolution. To examine these issues, we conducted a global gene expression study of a maize ploidy series as well as a set of tetraploid inbred and hybrid lines. This gene expression analysis complements an earlier phenotypic study of these same materials. We find that ploidy change affects a large fraction of the genome, albeit at low levels; gene expression changes rarely exceed 2-fold and are typically not statistically significant. The most common gene expression profile we detected is greater than linear increase from monoploid to diploid, and reductions from diploid to triploid and from triploid to tetraploid, a trend that mirrors plant stature. When examining heterosis in tetraploid maize lines, we found a large fraction of the genome impacted but the majority of changes were not statistically significant at 2-fold or less. Non-additive expression was common in the hybrids, and the extent of non-additivity increased both in number and magnitude from duplex to quadruplex hybrids. Overall, we find that gene expression trends mirror observations from the phenotypic studies; however, obvious mechanistic connections remain unknown.

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Author notes

  1. Nicole C. Riddle

    Present address: Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA

  2. Hongmei Jiang

    Present address: Department of Statistics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA

  3. Lingling An

    Present address: Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, 117 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA

    Nicole C. Riddle & James A. Birchler

  2. Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

    Hongmei Jiang, Lingling An & R. W. Doerge

Authors
  1. Nicole C. Riddle
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  2. Hongmei Jiang
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  3. Lingling An
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  4. R. W. Doerge
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  5. James A. Birchler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to James A. Birchler.

Additional information

Communicated by M. Kearsey.

Contribution to the special issue “Heterosis in Plants”.

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Riddle, N.C., Jiang, H., An, L. et al. Gene expression analysis at the intersection of ploidy and hybridity in maize. Theor Appl Genet 120, 341–353 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-1113-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-1113-3

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