Abstract
Intergeneric hybrids of the wild crucifer Diplotaxis catholica (2n = 18, DCDC) as female with two crop Brassica species, namely Brassica rapa (2n = 20; AA) and Brassica juncea (2n = 36; AABB) as male, were developed, using ovary and sequential culture. Reciprocal crosses were not successful, suggesting unilateral cross incompatibility. Morphologically, the hybrid plants resembled the crop brassica parents, but were nearly male- as well as female-sterile. Induction of amphiploidy helped to improve pollen fertility for the D. catholica × B. rapa cross (73%), but less so for the D. catholica × B. juncea cross (35–40%). Female fertility was also higher in both the amphiploids. Cytological analysis of the F1 hybrids revealed aberrant meiosis with predominant occurrence of the univalents. Partial genomic homoeology between the A genome of B. rapa and the DC genome of D. catholica was indicated by the presence of up to five bivalents in 14.7% of the PMCs in the D. catholica × B. rapa hybrid, and 1–2 trivalents or a quadrivalent in nearly 44% of the PMCs in the derived amphiploid. In the second cross, D. catholica × B. juncea, up to six bivalents and one trivalent were observed indicating homoeology between the A/B genomes of B. juncea and the DC genome of D. catholica. The possibility of introgression of desirable genes from D. catholica into crop Brassica species exists in view of significant affinity between the DC and A/B genomes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bhaskar PB, Ahuja I, Janeja HS, Banga SS (2002) Intergeneric hybridization between Erucastrum canariense and Brassica rapa. Genetic relatedness between EC and A genomes. Theor Appl Genet 105:754–758
Karpechenko GD (1924) Hybrids of Raphanus sativus × Brassica oleracea L. J Genet 14:375–396
Kirti PB, Mohapatra T, Khanna S, Prakash S, Chopra VL (1995) Diplotaxis catholica + Brassica juncea somatic hybrids: molecular and cytogenetic characterization. Plant Cell Rep 14:593–597
Lelivelt CLC, Krens FA (1992) Transfer of resistance to the beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii Schm.) into the Brassica napus L. gene pool through intergeneric somatic hybridization with Raphanus sativus L. Theor Appl Genet 83:887–894
Mohapatra T, Kirti PB, Kumar VD, Prakash S, Chopra VL (1998) Random chloroplast segregation and mitochondrial genome recombination in somatic hybrid plants of Diplotaxis catholica + Brassica juncea. Plant Cell Rep 17:814–818
Prakash S (2001) Utilization of wild germplasm of Brassica allies in developing cytoplasmic male sterility-fertility restoration systems in Indian mustard Brassica juncea. In: Liu H, Fu T (eds) Proc Int Symp Rapeseed Sci, Science Press, New York, pp 63–67
Primard C, Vedel F, Mathieu C, Pelletier G, Chevre AM (1988) Interspecific somatic hybridization between Brassica napus and Brassica hirta (Sinapis alba L.). Theor Appl Genet 75:546–552
Sageret M (1826) Considerations sur la production des variantes et des varietes esn general, et sur celles de la famille de cucurbitacees en particulier. Ann Sci Nat 8:294–314
Shivanna KR (1996) Incompatibility and wide hybridization. In: Chopra VL, Prakash S (eds) Oilseed and vegetable brassicas: Indian perspective. Oxford and IBH Publ Co, New Delhi, pp 77–102
Truco MJ, Hu J, Sadowski J, Quiros CF (1996) Inter- and intra-genome homology of the Brassica genomes: implications for their origin and evolution. Theor Appl Genet 93:1225–1233
Warwick SI, Francis A, La Flenche J (2000) Guide to wild germplasm of Brassica and allied crops (tribe Brassiceae, Brassicaceae). AAFC-ECORC Contribution no. XXXX
Acknowledgements
The funds provided by the National Agricultural Technology Project "Development of Hybrids in Rapeseed-Mustard" for this study are duly acknowledged. The experiments described in this manuscript comply with the current laws of India. Seeds of Diplotaxis catholica were very kindly provided by Prof. Shyam Prakash.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by H.F. Linskens
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Banga, S.S., Bhaskar, P.B. & Ahuja, I. Synthesis of intergeneric hybrids and establishment of genomic affinity between Diplotaxis catholica and crop Brassica species. Theor Appl Genet 106, 1244–1247 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-002-1178-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-002-1178-8