Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Diagnostik und Therapie der interstitiellen Zystitis (IC/BPS)

S2k-Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie

Diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis (IC/PBS)

S2k guideline of the German Society of Urology

  • Leitlinien der DGU
  • Published:
Der Urologe Aims and scope Submit manuscript

An Erratum to this article was published on 27 November 2019

This article has been updated

Zusammenfassung

Dieser Übersichtsartikel beschreibt alle relevanten Aspekte entsprechend der neuen S2k-Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie (DGU) zur Diagnostik und Behandlung der IC/BPS (interstitielle Zystitis/Blasenschmerzsyndrom). Eine Aufstellung notwendiger und optionaler Untersuchungen und der Notwendigkeit einer Ausschlussdiagnostik werden zusammenfassend dargestellt und gewertet. Auch entsprechend aufgelistete Therapieoptionen (von konservativen, oral-medikamentösen, komplementär-medizinischen bis hin zu intravesikalen und interventionell-operativen Verfahren) geben dem Leser einen guten Überblick über die Inhalte der Leitlinie und möglicher therapeutischer Ansätze. Letztlich werden auch Übersichten der Empfehlungen inklusive Konsens der Leitliniengruppe in verschiedenen Infoboxen beschrieben.

Abstract

In this review article, the authors describe all relevant aspects of the new S2k guideline from the German Society of Urology (Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie, DGU) for the diagnosis and treatment of IC/PBS (interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome). A list of necessary and optional examinations and the necessity of diagnosis of exclusion are summarized and evaluated. The treatment options listed (ranging from conservative, oral drug, and complementary medicine to interventional surgical procedures) also give the reader a good overview of the contents of the guideline and possible therapeutic approaches. Finally, the recommendations including consensus of the guideline group are also summarized in various information boxes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Abb. 1

Change history

  • 27 November 2019

    <Emphasis Type="Bold">Erratum zu:</Emphasis>

    <Emphasis Type="Bold">Urologe 2019</Emphasis>

    <ExternalRef><RefSource>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-019-01054-2</RefSource><RefTarget Address="10.1007/s00120-019-01054-2" TargetType="DOI"/></ExternalRef>

    Leider ist in der Infobox 5 ein Fehler aufgetreten. Korrekt muss es hier „Komplementärmedizinische Therapie – Empfehlungen und Konsens“ heißen.

Literatur

  1. Akiyama Y, Nomiya A, Niimi A et al (2015) Botulinum toxin type A injection for refractory interstitial cystitis: a randomized comparative study and predictors of treatment response. Int J Urol 22:835–841

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Al-Zahrani AA, Gajewski JB (2011) Long-term efficacy and tolerability of pentosan polysulphate sodium in the treatment of bladder pain syndrome. Can Urol Assoc J 5:113–118

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Anderson RU, Wise D, Sawyer T et al (2016) Equal improvement in men and women in the treatment of urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome using a multi-modal protocol with an internal myofascial trigger point wand. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 41:215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-015-9325-6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Bassaly R, Downes K, Hart S (2011) Dietary consumption triggers in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome patients. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 17:36–39

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Bschleipfer T, Doggweiler R, Mündner-Hensen B et al (2018) Leitlinienreport zur S2k Leitlinie “Diagnostik und Therapie der Interstitiellen Zystitis (IC/BPS)” – AWMF Registry No. 043–050. https://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/ll/043-050.html. Zugegriffen: 15.09.2019

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bschleipfer T, Doggweiler R, Mündner-Hensen B et al (2018) S2k Leitlinie „Diagnostik und Therapie der Interstitiellen Zystitis (IC/BPS)“ – AWMF Registry No. 043–050. https://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/ll/043-050.html. Zugegriffen: 15.09.2019

    Google Scholar 

  7. Cervigni M, Natale F, Nasta L et al (2008) A combined intravesical therapy with hyaluronic acid and chondroitin for refractory painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19:943–947

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Chen H, Wang F, Chen W et al (2014) Efficacy of daily low-dose sildenafil for treating interstitial cystitis: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial—treatment of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome with low-dose sildenafil. Urology 84:51–56

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Cox M, Klutke JJ, Klutke CG (2009) Assessment of patient outcomes following submucosal injection of triamcinolone for treatment of Hunner’s ulcer subtype interstitial cystitis. Can J Urol 16:4536–4540

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Daha LK, Riedl CR, Hohlbrugger G et al (2003) Comparative assessment of maximal bladder capacity, 0.9 % NaCl versus 0.2 M Kcl, for the diagnosis of interstitial cystitis: a prospective controlled study. J Urol 170:807–809

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Dalpiaz O, Kerschbaumer A, Mitterberger M et al (2008) Chronic pelvic pain in women: still a challenge. BJU Int 102:1061–1065

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Dasgupta P, Sharma SD, Womack C et al (2001) Cimetidine in painful bladder syndrome: a histopathological study. BJU Int 88:183–186

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Davis N, Brady C, Creagh T (2014) Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome: epidemiology, pathophysiology and evidence-based treatment options. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 175:30–37

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Doggweiler-Wiygul R, Wiygul JP (2002) Interstitial cystitis, pelvic pain, and the relationship to myofascial pain and dysfunction: a report on four patients. World J Urol 20:310–314

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. EMA (2016) Review of Symbioflor 2 (EMA/233358/2016)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Engelhardt PF, Morakis N, Daha LK et al (2011) Long-term results of intravesical hyaluronan therapy in bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis. Int Urogynecol J 22:401–405

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Fabisiak A, Wlodarczyk J, Fabisiak N et al (2017) Targeting histamine receptors in irritable bowel syndrome: a critical appraisal. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 23:341–348

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Fleischmann J (1994) Calcium channel antagonists in the treatment of interstitial cystitis. Urol Clin North Am 21:107–111

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Fleischmann JD, Huntley HN, Shingleton WB et al (1991) Clinical and immunological response to nifedipine for the treatment of interstitial cystitis. J Urol 146:1235–1239

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Forrest JB, Payne CK, Erickson DR (2012) Cyclosporine A for refractory interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: experience of 3 tertiary centers. J Urol 188:1186–1191

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Forsell T, Ruutu M, Isoniemi H et al (1996) Cyclosporine in severe interstitial cystitis. J Urol 155:1591–1593

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Friedlander JI, Shorter B, Moldwin RM (2012) Diet and its role in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and comorbid conditions. BJU Int 109:1584–1591

    Google Scholar 

  23. Fritjofsson A, Fall M, Juhlin R et al (1987) Treatment of ulcer and nonulcer interstitial cystitis with sodium pentosanpolysulfate: a multicenter trial. J Urol 138:508–512

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Giberti C, Gallo F, Cortese P et al (2013) Combined intravesical sodium hyaluronate/chondroitin sulfate therapy for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: a prospective study. Ther Adv Urol 5:175–179

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Ginting JV, Tripp DA, Nickel JC et al (2011) Spousal support decreases the negative impact of pain on mental quality of life in women with interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. BJU Int 108:713–717

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Goldman HB (2000) Interstitial cystitis—the great enigma. J Urol 164:1921

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Gupta SK, Pidcock L, Parr NJ (2005) The potassium sensitivity test: a predictor of treatment response in interstitial cystitis. BJU Int 96:1063–1066

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Gürpinar T, Wong H, Griffith DP (1996) Electromotive administration of intravesical lidocaine in patients with interstitial cystitis. J Endourol 10:443–447

    Google Scholar 

  29. Hanno PM, Burks DA, Clemens JQ et al (2011) AUA guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. J Urol 185:2162–2170

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Hanno PM, Wein AJ (1991) Conservative therapy of interstitial cystitis. Semin Urol 9:143–147

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Hillelsohn JH, Rais-Bahrami S, Friedlander JI et al (2012) Fulguration for Hunner ulcers: long-term clinical outcomes. J Urol 188:2238–2241

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Homma Y (2014) Hypersensitive bladder: a solution to confused terminology and ignorance concerning interstitial cystitis. Int J Urol 21:43–47

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Homma Y, Ueda T, Tomoe H et al (2009) Clinical guidelines for interstitial cystitis and hypersensitive bladder syndrome. Int J Urol 16:597–615

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Homma Y, Ueda T, Tomoe H et al (2016) Clinical guidelines for interstitial cystitis and hypersensitive bladder updated in 2015. Int J Urol 23:542–549

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Irwin PP, Galloway NT (1994) Surgical management of interstitial cystitis. Urol Clin North Am 21:145–151

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Istek A, Gungor Ugurlucan F, Yasa C et al (2014) Randomized trial of long-term effects of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation on chronic pelvic pain. Arch Gynecol Obstet 290:291–298

    Google Scholar 

  37. Jocham B (2012) Lebensbilder von Frauen mit interstitieller Cystitis: Emotionale und kognitive Faktoren als modifizierende Elemente bei der Entstehung, Aufrechterhaltung und Reduktion chronischer Schmerzen am Beispiel IC-BPS Bd. 1. Shaker, Aachen

    Google Scholar 

  38. Jocham D, Froehlich G, Sandig F et al (2013) Die Versorgungssituation von Patienten mit interstitieller Zystitis in Deutschland. Urologe 52:691–702

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Kaftan BT, Wiedemann A (2018) Hydrodistension der Harnblase zur Diagnostik und Therapie. Aktuelle Urol 49:e92

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Kanter G, Komesu YM, Qaedan F et al (2016) Mindfulness-based stress reduction as a novel treatment for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Int Urogynecol J 27:1705–1711

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  41. Kirkemo A, Miles B, Peters J (1990) Use of amitriptyline in interstitial cystitis. J Urol 143:279A

    Google Scholar 

  42. Kuo H‑C (2003) Urodynamic study and potassium sensitivity test for women with frequency-urgency syndrome and interstitial cystitis. Urol Int 71:61–65

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Kuo HC (2001) Urodynamic results of intravesical heparin therapy for women with frequency urgency syndrome and interstitial cystitis. J Formos Med Assoc 100:309–314

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Kuo HC, Jiang YH, Tsai YC et al (2016) Intravesical botulinum toxin‑A injections reduce bladder pain of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome refractory to conventional treatment—a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Neurourol Urodyn 35:609–614

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Kuo YC, Kuo HC (2012) Potential factors that can be used to differentiate between interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome and bladder oversensitivity in women. Int J Clin Pract 66:146–151

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Kutlar A, Ataga KI, McMahon L et al (2012) A potent oral P‑selectin blocking agent improves microcirculatory blood flow and a marker of endothelial cell injury in patients with sickle cell disease. Am J Hematol 87:536–539

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Lampel A (2014) Oral Presentation: Optionen bei refraktärer interstitieller Zystitis (Schwarzwald-Baar Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Lampel A (2017) Zystektomie, Augmentation und Harnableitung (ICA-Deutschland)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Layer P, Andresen V, Pehl C et al (2011) Irritable bowel syndrome: German consensus guidelines on definition, pathophysiology and management. Z Gastroenterol 49:237–293

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Lee CL, Kuo HC (2013) Intravesical botulinum toxin a injections do not benefit patients with ulcer type interstitial cystitis. Pain Physician 16:109–116

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Leppilahti M, Hellstrom P, Tammela TL (2002) Effect of diagnostic hydrodistension and four intravesical hyaluronic acid instillations on bladder ICAM‑1 intensity and association of ICAM‑1 intensity with clinical response in patients with interstitial cystitis. Urology 60:46–51

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Lewi H (1995) Cimetidine in treatment of interstitial cystitis. Urology 45:1088

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Lewi H (2001) Medical therapy in interstitial cystitis: the essex experience. Urology 57:120

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Liu J, Farmer JD Jr, Lane WS et al (1991) Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 complexes. Cell 66:807–815

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Loch A, Stein U (2004) Interstitielle Zystitis. Urologe 43:1135–1146

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Loving S, Nordling J, Jaszczak P et al (2012) Does evidence support physiotherapy management of adult female chronic pelvic pain? A systematic review. Scand J Pain 3:70–81

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Mayson BE, Teichman JM (2009) The relationship between sexual abuse and interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. Curr Urol Rep 10:441–447

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Minaglia S, Özel B, Nguyen JN et al (2005) Validation of Spanish version of pelvic pain and urgency/frequency (PUF) patient symptom scale. Urology 65:664–669

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Muendner-Hensen BBJT, Wagenlehner FME, Matsumoto T, Cho YH, Krieger JN, Shoskes D, Naber KG (Hrsg) (2017) Patient contributions to treatment decisions in BPS/IC. Urogenital infections and inflammations

    Google Scholar 

  60. Mutschler E, Ruth P, Geisslinger G et al (2016) Pharmakologie kompakt; Allgemeine und Klinische Pharmakologie, Toxikologie Bd. 1. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft Stuttgart, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  61. Neuhaus J, Schulte-Baukloh H, Stolzenburg J‑U et al (2012) Individual receptor profiling as a novel tool to support diagnosis of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC). World J Urol 30:693–700

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Nickel JC, Barkin J, Forrest J et al (2005) Randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging study of pentosan polysulfate sodium for interstitial cystitis. Urology 65:654–658

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Nickel JC, Kaufman DM, Zhang HF et al (2008) Time to initiation of pentosan polysulfate sodium treatment after interstitial cystitis diagnosis: effect on symptom improvement. Urology 71:57–61

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Nickel JC, Tripp DA, Pontari M et al (2011) Childhood sexual trauma in women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: a case control study. Can Urol Assoc J 5:410–415

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  65. Niimi A, Nomiya A, Yamada Y et al (2015) Hydrodistension with or without fulguration of hunner lesions for interstitial cystitis: long-term outcomes and prognostic predictors. Neurourol Urodynam 35:965–969

    Google Scholar 

  66. Nomiya A, Naruse T, Niimi A et al (2013) On-and post-treatment symptom relief by repeated instillations of heparin and alkalized lidocaine in interstitial cystitis. Int J Urol 20:1118–1122

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Nordling J, van Ophoven A (2008) Intravesical glycosaminoglycan replenishment with chondroitin sulphate in chronic forms of cystitis. Arzneimittelforschung 58:328–335

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. O’Hare PG 3rd, Hoffmann AR, Allen P et al (2013) Interstitial cystitis patients’ use and rating of complementary and alternative medicine therapies. Int Urogynecol J 24:977–982

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Oemler M, Grabhorn R, Vahlensieck W et al (2006) Psychosoziale Aspekte der interstitiellen Zystitis. Urologe 45:728–733

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Oyama IA, Rejba A, Lukban JC et al (2004) Modified Thiele massage as therapeutic intervention for female patients with interstitial cystitis and high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction. Urology 64:862–865

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Park JM (2001) Is interstitial cystitis an underdiagnosed problem in children? A diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Urology 57:30–31

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Parsons CL (2009) The potassium sensitivity test: a new gold standard for diagnosing and understanding the pathophysiology of interstitial cystitis. J Urol 182:432–434

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Parsons CL (2003) Prostatitis, interstitial cystitis, chronic pelvic pain, and urethral syndrome share a common pathophysiology: lower urinary dysfunctional epithelium and potassium recycling. Urology 62:976–982

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Parsons CL, Dell J, Stanford EJ et al (2002) Increased prevalence of interstitial cystitis: previously unrecognized urologic and gynecologic cases identified using a new symptom questionnaire and intravesical potassium sensitivity. Urology 60:573–578

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Parsons CL, Housley T, Schmidt JD et al (1994) Treatment of interstitial cystitis with intravesical heparin. Br J Urol 73:504–507

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Parsons CL, Zupkas P, Proctor J et al (2012) Alkalinized lidocaine and heparin provide immediate relief of pain and urgency in patients with interstitial cystitis. J Sex Med 9:207–212

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Payne RA, O’Connor RC, Kressin M et al (2009) Endoscopic ablation of Hunner’s lesions in interstitial cystitis patients. Can Urol Assoc J 3:473–477

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  78. Peters KM, Feber KM, Bennett RC (2007) A prospective, single-blind, randomized crossover trial of sacral vs pudendal nerve stimulation for interstitial cystitis. BJU Int 100:835–839

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Pinto R, Lopes T, Costa D et al (2014) Ulcerative and nonulcerative forms of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis do not differ in symptom intensity or response to onabotulinum toxin A. Urology 83:1030–1034

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Pinto RA, Costa D, Morgado A et al (2018) Intratrigonal onabotulinumtoxinA improves bladder symptoms and quality of life in patients with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis: a pilot, single center, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. J Urol 199:998–1003

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Porru D, Campus G, Tudino D et al (1997) Results of treatment of refractory interstitial cystitis with intravesical hyaluronic acid. Urol Int 59:26–29

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Pranikoff K, Constantino G (1998) The use of amitriptyline in patients with urinary frequency and pain. Urology 51:179–181

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Pyo J‑S, Cho WJ (2016) Systematic review and meta-analysis of Intravesical hyaluronic acid and hyaluronic acid/chondroitin sulfate instillation for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. Cell Physiol Biochem 39:1618–1625

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Ragab MM, Tawfik AM, El-enen AM et al (2015) Evaluation of Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation for treatment of refractory painful bladder syndrome. Urology 86:707–711

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Regauer S, Gamper M, Fehr MK et al (2017) Sensory hyperinnervation distinguishes bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis from overactive bladder syndrome. J Urol 197:159–166

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Riedl CR, Knoll M, Plas E et al (1998) Electromotive drug administration and hydrodistention for the treatment of interstitial cystitis. J Endourol 12:269–272

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Rosamilia A, Dwyer P, Gibson J (1997) Electromotive drug administration of lidocaine and dexamethasone followed by cystodistension in women with interstitial cystitis. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 8:142–145

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Rourke W, Kahn SAA, Ahmed K et al (2014) Painful bladder sydrome/interstitial cystitis: aetiology, evaluation and managment. Arch Italian Urol Androl 86:126–131

    Google Scholar 

  89. Sairanen J, Forsell T, Ruutu M (2004) Long-term outcome of patients with interstitial cystitis treated with low dose cyclosporine A. J Urol 171:2138–2141

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Sant GR, Propert KJ, Hanno PM et al (2003) A pilot clinical trial of oral pentosan polysulfate and oral hydroxyzine in patients with interstitial cystitis. J Urol 170:810–815

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Seshadri P, Emerson L, Morales A (1994) Cimetidine in the treatment of interstitial cystitis. Urology 44:614–616

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Shorter B, Ackerman M, Varvara M et al (2014) Statistical validation of the shorter-moldwin food sensitivity questionnaire for patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. J Urol 191:1793–1801

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Shorter B, Lesser M, Moldwin RM et al (2007) Effect of comestibles on symptoms of interstitial cystitis. J Urol 178:145–152

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Sönmez MG, Kozanhan B (2017) Complete response to acupuncture therapy in female patients with refractory interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Ginekol Pol 88:61–67

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Stern R (2009) Hyaluronan in cancer biology. Academic Press, New York, Boston, London, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  96. Störkel S (2002) Interstitielle Cystitis aus der Sicht der Pathologen. In: Interstitielle cystits – the state of the Art. Biermann Verlag, Köln, S 43–48

    Google Scholar 

  97. Tanaka T, Kawashima H, Makino T et al (2007) Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for interstitial cystitis resistant to conventional treatments. Int J Urol 14:563–565

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Tanaka T, Nitta Y, Morimoto K et al (2011) Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis resistant to conventional treatments: long-term results of a case series in Japan. BMC Urol 11:11

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  99. Thilagarajah R, Witherow RO, Walker MM (2001) Oral cimetidine gives effective symptom relief in painful bladder disease: a prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. BJU Int 87:207–212

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Tutolo M, Ammirati E, Castagna G et al (2017) A prospective randomized controlled multicentre trial comparing intravesical DMSO and chondroïtin sulphate 2 % for painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis. Int Braz J Urol 43:134–141

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  101. Ueda T, Kanemitsu N, Ukimura O et al (2016) MP72-10 Characterization of non-hunner type interstitial cystitis using narrow band imaging (NBI)-assissted cytoscopy in 1298 cases. J Urol 195:e955–e956

    Google Scholar 

  102. Ueda T, Nakagawa M, Okamura M et al (2008) New cystoscopic diagnosis for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome using narrow-band imaging system. Int J Urol 15:1039–1043

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Andresen V, Enck P, Frieling T, Herold A, Ilgenstein P, Jesse N, Karaus M, Kasparek M, Keller J, Kuhlbusch-Zicklam R, Krammer H, Kreis M, Layer P, Madisch A, Matthes H, Mönnikes H, Müller-Lissner S, Preiss J, Sailer M, Schemann M, Schwille-Kiuntke J, Voderholzer W, van der Voort I, Wedel T, Pehl C (2011) AWMF-S2k-Leitlinie Chronische Obstipation: Definition, Pathophysiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie (Gemeinsame Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurogastroenterologie und Motilität (DGNM) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS). AWMF-Registriernummer: 021/019)

    Google Scholar 

  104. Vahlensieck W (2002) Interstitielle Cystitis und Diät. Interstitielle Cystitis – The State of the Art Bd. 1. Biermann Verlag, Köln

    Google Scholar 

  105. Vahlensieck W, Zermann D‑H (2016) Rehabilitation der interstitiellen Zystitis. In: Die Urologie. Springer, Heidelberg, Berlin, New York

    Google Scholar 

  106. van de Merwe JP, Nordling J, Bouchelouche P et al (2008) Diagnostic criteria, classification, and nomenclature for painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis: an ESSIC proposal. Eur Urol 53:60–67

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. van Ophoven A, Hertle L (2005) Long-term results of amitriptyline treatment for interstitial cystitis. J Urol 174:1837–1840

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. van Ophoven A, Pokupic S, Heinecke A et al (2004) A prospective, randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study of amitriptyline for the treatment of interstitial cystitis. J Urol 172:533–536

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. van Ophoven A, Rossbach G, Pajonk F et al (2006) Safety and efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of interstitial cystitis: a randomized, sham controlled, double-blind trial. J Urol 176:1442–1446

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Vij M, Srikrishna S, Cardozo L (2012) Interstitial cystitis: diagnosis and management. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 161:1–7

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Weiss JM (2001) Pelvic floor myofascial trigger points: manual therapy for interstitial cystitis and the urgency-frequency syndrome. J Urol 166:2226–2231

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Welk BK, Teichman JM (2008) Dyspareunia response in patients with interstitial cystitis treated with intravesical lidocaine, bicarbonate, and heparin. Urology 71:67–70

    Google Scholar 

  113. Whitmore KE (2002) Complementary and alternative therapies as treatment approaches for interstitial cystitis. Rev Urol 4:S28–S35

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  114. Wördehoff A (2002) Interstitielle Cystitis – The State of the Art. Die Möglichkeiten der alternativen IC-Therapie Bd. 1. Köln, Biermann Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  115. Zhou SY, Gillilland M 3rd, Wu X et al (2018) FODMAP diet modulates visceral nociception by lipopolysaccharide-mediated intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction. J Clin Invest 128:267–280

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Danksagung

Die Autoren danken Frau Dr. Isabell Karl für Ihre große Unterstützung bei der Erstellung des Manuskripts.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Urologie, Andrologie und Kinderurologie, Interdisziplinäres Kontinenz- und Beckenbodenzentrum, Zentrum für Interstitielle Cystitis und Beckenschmerz, Klinikum Weiden/Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG, Söllnerstraße 16, 92637, Weiden i.d.OPf., Deutschland

    T. Bschleipfer F.E.B.U.

  2. Kontinenzzentrum Hirslanden, Witellikerstraße 40, 8032, Zürich, Schweiz

    R. Doggweiler

  3. Kontinenzzentrum Süd-West, Schwarzwald-Baar-Klinikum, Klinikstr. 11, 78052, Villingen-Schwenningen, Deutschland

    D. Schultz-Lampel

  4. Physio Artos, Alpenstr. 45, 3800, Interlaken, Schweiz

    J. de Jong

  5. Klinik für Urologie, Universität Leipzig AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland

    A. Gonsior

  6. MICA Multinational Interstitial Cystitis Association, Untere Burg 21, 53881, Euskirchen, Deutschland

    J. Hensen

  7. Blasenzentrum Westend, Urologische Privatarztpraxis, Reichstr. 1, 14052, Berlin, Deutschland

    E. Heßdörfer

  8. Städtisches Klinikum Lüneburg, Bögelstr. 1, 21339, Lüneburg, Deutschland

    B. T. Kaftan

  9. Zentrum für Urogynäkologie, Frauenklinik, Inselspital Bern, Effingerstr. 102, 3010, Bern, Schweiz

    A. Kuhn

  10. Klinik für Innere Medizin IV, Univers. Klinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Universität Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland

    U. Kunzendorf

  11. Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Schwarzwald-Baar-Klinikum, Klinikstr. 11, 78052, Villingen-Schwenningen, Deutschland

    A. Lampel

  12. Physiohof Landmesser, In Genhof 13, 41812, Erkelenz, Deutschland

    A. Landmesser

  13. Urologische Praxis, Friedrichstr. 17, 25980, Westerland, Deutschland

    A. Loch

  14. Klinik für Urologie, Katholische St. Lukas Gesellschaft, St.-Josefs-Hospital Dortmund-Hörde, Wilhelm-Schmidt-Str. 4, 44263, Dortmund, Deutschland

    O. Moormann

  15. Urologische Praxis, Holtzendorffstraße 19, 14057, Berlin-Charlottenburg, Deutschland

    B. Müller

  16. Forschungslabor der Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universität Leipzig AöR, Liebigstr. 19, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland

    J. Neuhaus

  17. Klinik für Frauenheilkunde & Geburtshilfe, Donauklinik Neu-Ulm, Krankenhausstr. 11, 89231, Neu-Ulm, Deutschland

    A. Reich

  18. Biologe und Medizinjournalist, Gersdorfer Str. 12, 36275, Kirchheim, Deutschland

    R. Roth

  19. Healthpoint Hospital, P.O.Box 35644, Abu Dhabi, Vereinigte Arabische Emirate

    S. Schumacher

  20. Curos – Urologisches Zentrum in der Klinik Links vom Rhein, Schillingsrotter Str. 39-41, 50996, Köln-Rodenkirchen, Deutschland

    R. Stratmeyer

  21. Urologische Abteilung, Kurpark-Klinik, Kurstr. 41-45, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Deutschland

    W. Vahlensieck

  22. ehem. Praxisklinik Wördehoff, Im Schmidtenloch 62, 53884, Mechernich, Deutschland

    A. Wördehoff

  23. ICA-Deutschland, Untere Burg 21, 53881, Euskirchen, Deutschland

    B. Münder-Hensen

Authors
  1. T. Bschleipfer F.E.B.U.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Doggweiler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. D. Schultz-Lampel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J. de Jong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. A. Gonsior
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. J. Hensen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. E. Heßdörfer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. B. T. Kaftan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. A. Kuhn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. U. Kunzendorf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. A. Lampel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. A. Landmesser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. A. Loch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. O. Moormann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  15. B. Müller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  16. J. Neuhaus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  17. A. Reich
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  18. R. Roth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  19. S. Schumacher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  20. R. Stratmeyer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  21. W. Vahlensieck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  22. A. Wördehoff
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  23. B. Münder-Hensen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Bschleipfer F.E.B.U..

Ethics declarations

Interessenkonflikt

T. Bschleipfer, R. Doggweiler, D. Schultz-Lampel, J. de Jong, A. Gonsior, J. Hensen, E. Heßdörfer, B.T. Kaftan, A. Kuhn, U. Kunzendorf, A. Lampel, A. Landmesser, A. Loch, O. Moormann, B. Müller, J. Neuhaus, A. Reich, R. Roth, S. Schumacher, R. Stratmeyer, W. Vahlensieck, A. Wördehoff und B. Münder-Hensen geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Für alle Autoren gilt, dass kein Interessenkonflikt vorliegt, der so schwerwiegend ist, dass der Mandatsträger die Entscheidungsfindung der gesamten Leitlinien-Gruppe bzw. für Dritte die Glaubwürdigkeit/Unbefangenheit dieser Leitlinie in Frage stellt (s. Leitlinienreport [5])

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bschleipfer, T., Doggweiler, R., Schultz-Lampel, D. et al. Diagnostik und Therapie der interstitiellen Zystitis (IC/BPS). Urologe 58, 1313–1323 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-019-01054-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-019-01054-2

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Search

Navigation