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Diffusions-MRT des Gehirns im Kindesalter

Diffusion magnetic resonance tomography of the brain in childhood

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Zusammenfassung

Die diffusionsgewichtete magnetresonanztomographische Bildgebung (DWI) des Hirns ist eine relativ neue Ergänzung zur Standardmagnetresonanztomographie (Standard-MRT), die insbesondere in der Akutdiagnostik bei der Differenzierung von vasogenem und zytotoxischem Ödem zum Einsatz kommt. Die Diffusionstensordarstellung (DTI) ist ein modernes MRT-Verfahren, das in vivo quantitative Aussagen zur Diffusivität und zur Integrität der weißen Substanz gestattet und den Verlauf von Nervenfaserverbindungen (Fiber Tracking) darstellen lässt. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist es, einen kurzen Überblick zur Methodik zu geben und aktuelle Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Diffusionsbildgebung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen aufzuzeigen.

Abstract

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the brain is a relatively new addition to routine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Especially in acute situations DWI is able to differentiate vasogenic and cytotoxic edema. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as a modern MR modality can provide in vivo quantitative information about diffusivity and integrity of white matter structure and can be used to show connectivity (fiber tracking) in the human brain. The purpose of this manuscript is to give an overview of the methods of DWI and DTI and to offer some current applications of DWI in children and adolescents.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sektion Pädiatrische Radiologie, Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie I, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena, Deutschland

    H.-J. Mentzel & C. Ros

  2. Sektion Medizinische Physik, Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie I, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland

    C. Ros & D. Güllmar

Authors
  1. H.-J. Mentzel
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  2. C. Ros
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  3. D. Güllmar
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Correspondence to H.-J. Mentzel.

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Mentzel, HJ., Ros, C. & Güllmar, D. Diffusions-MRT des Gehirns im Kindesalter. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 159, 325–332 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-010-2319-9

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