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Allogene Stammzelltransplantation bei Migranten mit nichtmalignen Krankheiten

Eine zunehmende Herausforderung für pädiatrische Transplantationszentren

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for non-malignant diseases in migrants

An increasing challenge for paediatric transplant units

  • Leitthema
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Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Deutschland, Österreich und die Schweiz, aber auch alle anderen europäischen Länder, sind Ende des vergangenen Jahrhunderts zu Einwanderungsländern geworden, und Migrantenfamilien stellen zwischen 9 und 10% der Bevölkerung in Österreich und Deutschland. Aufgrund kultureller (konsanguine Ehen) und ethnischer (Prävalenz bestimmter hämatologischer Erkrankungen) Besonderheiten sind 20–30% der Patienten, die aufgrund eines „inborn errors“ eine allogene Stammzelltransplantation benötigen, aus Migrantenfamilien. Diese Kinder haben aufgrund von reduzierter Spenderverfügbarkeit, kulturellen und sprachlichen Barrieren, durchschnittlich schlechterer sozioökonomischer Verhältnisse und einer potenziell erhöhten Erregerexposition ein deutlich erhöhtes Risiko für krankheits- bzw. therapieassoziierte Komplikationen. Neben dem Bestreben, Fremdspender aus ethnischen Minoritäten zu rekrutieren, ist eine Verbesserung der Betreuung unter Rücksicht auf sprachliche, kulturelle und soziale Besonderheiten unbedingt notwendig.

Abstract

Over the last century, immigration has increased substantially in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, as well as in other European countries. Between 9% and 10% of the population consists of migrant families. Due to specific cultural (consanguineous marriages) and ethnic (prevalence of certain genetic and hematologic diseases) characteristics, 20–30% of the children undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation for inborn errors come from migrant families. Reduced donor availability, cultural and language barriers, lower socioeconomic background and potentially increased infectious preload are substantial risk factors for disease and therapy related complications. In addition to the effort to motivate members of ethnic minorities to register as potential volunteer stem cell donors, the improvement of medical and supportive care, taking into account these risk factors, is urgently warranted.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Childrens Cancer Research Institute, Wien, Österreich

    H. Gadner

  2. Stammzelltransplantationseinheit, St.-Anna-Kinderspital, Kinderspitalgasse 6, 1090, Wien, Österreich

    S. Matthes-Martin, D. Leithner & H. Gadner

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  1. S. Matthes-Martin
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  2. D. Leithner
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  3. H. Gadner
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Correspondence to S. Matthes-Martin.

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Matthes-Martin, S., Leithner, D. & Gadner, H. Allogene Stammzelltransplantation bei Migranten mit nichtmalignen Krankheiten . Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 154, 1098–1103 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-006-1424-2

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