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Diabetische Retinopathie und Makulopathie

Diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy

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Zusammenfassung

Die diabetische Retinopathie ist die häufigste mikrovaskuläre Komplikation des Diabetes mellitus. Eine frühe Entstehung im Krankheitsverlauf deutet auf ein hohes kardiovaskuläres Allgemeinrisiko. Die frühen Stadien verlaufen symptomlos, daher sind jährliche Screeninguntersuchungen erforderlich. Für jedes Stadium der Retinopathie existieren evidenzbasierte Handlungsempfehlungen, wobei sich allgemeine diabetologische Prinzipien und spezielle ophthalmologische Behandlungen ergänzen. Mit der intravitrealen Injektion von Inhibitoren des Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) wird die bislang nur mäßig erfolgreiche Behandlung der diabetischen Makulopathie möglicherweise in der Zukunft verbessert werden können.

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy is the most frequent microvascular complication in diabetes. Its early development indicates an increased cardiovascular risk. Since the early stages lack symptoms, yearly screening intervals are mandatory. Each retinopathy level determines evidence-based treatment with mutual interactive contributions from diabetology and ophthalmology. Intravitreal injection of inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor may improve the so far only modestly successful therapy of diabetic macular edema.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehungen hin: Sanofi Aventis, Shire, MSD, Boehringer Ingelheim, Nycomed.

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  1. 5. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1–3, 68167, Mannheim, Deutschland

    H.-P. Hammes

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Hammes, HP. Diabetische Retinopathie und Makulopathie. Internist 52, 518–532 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-010-2762-7

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