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Lipidsenker- und andere toxische Myopathien

Lipid lowering drug and other toxic myopathies

  • Schwerpunkt: Muskelschmerz aus internistischer Sicht
  • Published:
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Zusammenfassung

Eine zunehmende Anzahl von therapeutisch eingesetzten Substanzen und exogenen Toxinen führt zu strukturellen und funktionellen Veränderungen der Skelettmuskulatur. Das klinische Syndrom toxischer Myopathien variiert von symptomfreier Kreatinkinaseerhöhung über Muskelschmerzen mit Belastungsinsuffizienz, Schwäche und Atrophie bis hin zur akuten Rhabdomyolyse. Aufgrund der potenziellen Reversibilität einer toxischen Myopathie sollte der kausale Zusammenhang möglichst rasch erkannt werden und dann die Diagnosestellung und Elimination der Noxe erfolgen. Häufigste Ursache einer exogenen toxischen Myopathie ist die Alkoholkrankheit, die sowohl zu akuten als auch chronischen Neuropathien und Myopathien mit konsekutiver Muskelatrophie führt. Unter den medikamentös induzierten Myopathien hat neben der steroidinduzierten Myopathie zurzeit die durch Lipidsenker ausgelöste Myopathie die höchste Relevanz.

Abstract

A growing number of therapeutic agents and exogenous toxins are harmful to structure and function of human skeletal muscle. The clinical syndrome encompasses asymptomatic creatine kinase elevation, myalgia, exercise intolerance, muscle paresis and atrophy, and lastly acute rhabdomyolysis. Toxic myopathies are potentially reversible, hence a prompt recognition is particularly helpful for the early diagnosis and in conclusion elimination of a myopathy inducing toxin. Toxic myopathies may be classified as acute or chronic accordingly to the exposition time to a toxin. Main source of an exogenous induced toxic myopathy is chronic alcohol abuse. Alcohol excess induces acute and/or chronic neuropathy and myopathy, consequently muscle wasting and weakness occurs. Drug-induced myopathies are most frequently seen due to amplified utilization of corticosteroids or lipid lowering agents.

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Danksagung.

Ein Teil dieser Arbeit wurde unterstützt durch eine Forschungsförderung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Muskelkranke (an BGHS).

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Schoser, B.G.H., Pongratz, D. Lipidsenker- und andere toxische Myopathien. Internist 46, 1198–1206 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-005-1490-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-005-1490-x

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