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Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions by carbons prepared from Sal wood (Shorea robusta)

Entfernung von Pb(II) aus wässrigen Lösungen mit Kohlenstoffen gewonnen aus Salholz (Shorea robusta)

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Abstract

In the present work, physically and chemically activated carbons are prepared using Sal wood (Shorea robusta) sawdust by thermal process and using sulfuric acid as the activation agent to remove Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. Adsorption equilibrium studies have been done at a pH of 4 and a room temperature of 30 °C. It was found that the adsorption isotherms are favorable and chemically activated carbons are better than physically activated carbon in terms of adsorption capacity. Various two-parameter adsorption isotherm models, viz. Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich, were used to fit the equilibrium data and it was found that the Freundlich adsorption model provided best-fit. The first-order irreversible unimolecular reaction model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to fit the kinetic data and it was found that both the models provided good fit. Kinetic and film diffusion studies show that the adsorption of lead(II) on the activated carbons tested in this work are both intra-particle and film diffusion controlled.

Zusammenfassung

In dieser Arbeit wird physikalisch und chemisch aktivierter Kohlenstoff aus Salholzsägemehl mittels eines thermischen Verfahrens und unter Verwendung von Schwefelsäure als Aktivierungsmittel hergestellt, um Pb(II) aus wässrigen Lösungen zu entfernen. Untersucht wurde das Adsorptionsgleichgewicht bei einem pH-Wert von 4 und einer Raumtemperatur von 30 °C. Adsorptionsisothermen zeigten gute Ergebnisse. In Bezug auf die Adsorptionskapazität erwies sich dabei chemisch aktivierter Kohlenstoff besser als physikalisch aktivierter Kohlenstoff. Zweiparametrige Modelle zur Beschreibung der Adsorptionsisothermen nach Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin und Dubinin-Radushkevich wurden an die Versuchsdaten angepasst. Dabei erwies sich das Adsorptionsmodell von Freundlich als am besten geeignet. Die kinetischen Daten wurden an das irreversible unimolekulare Reaktionsmodell erster Ordnung und die kinetischen Modelle pseudo-zweiter Ordnung angepasst. Beide Modelle lieferten gute Ergebnisse. Kinetische und Filmdiffusionsstudien zeigten dass die Adsorption von Pb(II) an die Aktivkohle sowohl durch Intrapartikel- als auch durch Filmdiffusionsprozesse gesteuert wird.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ceramic and Cement Technology, PDA College of Engineering, Gulbarga, 585102, Karnataka, India

    John U. Kennedy Oubagaranadin

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India

    John U. Kennedy Oubagaranadin & Z. V. P. Murthy

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  1. John U. Kennedy Oubagaranadin
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  2. Z. V. P. Murthy
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Correspondence to Z. V. P. Murthy.

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Kennedy Oubagaranadin, J.U., Murthy, Z.V.P. Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions by carbons prepared from Sal wood (Shorea robusta) . Eur. J. Wood Prod. 67, 197–206 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-009-0315-3

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